Dictionary
the ability to create
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Wikipedia
cleanup-date April 2005 Creativity is a human mental phenomenon based around the deployment of mental skills and/or conceptual tools, which, in turn, originate and develop innovation, inspiration, or insight.
Scope - For some people, the word ''creativity'' conjures up associations strictly with art artistic endeavours and with the writing of literature. Some other have also linked creativity with moments of sudden sciencescientific or engineering insight since at least the time of Archimedes in Ancient Greece.Pop psychology sometimes associates it with cerebral hemisphere right or forehead brain activity or even specifically with lateral thinking.Within the different modes of artistic expression, one can postulate a continuum extending from "interpretation" to "innovation". Established art movements artistic movements and genres pull practitioners to the "interpretation" end of the scale, whereas original thinkers strive towards the "innovation" pole. Note that we conventionally expect some "creative" people (dancers, actors, orchestra-players ...) to perform (interpret) while allowing others (writers, painters, composers ...) more freedom to express the new and the different.Since the time of Graham Wallas and his work ''Art of Thought'', published in 1926, some have considered creativity a legacy of the evolutionevolutionary process, which allowed humans to quickly adapt to rapidly changing environments.Today, creativity forms in some eyes the core activity of a growing section of the global economy — the so-called "creative industries" — capitalistically generating (generally non-tangible) wealth through the creation and exploitation of intellectual property or through the provision of creative services.The word "creativity" can convey an implication of constructing novelty without relying on any existing constituent components (''ex nihilo'' - compare creationism). Contrast alternative theories, for example: artistic inspiration, which posits the transmission of visions from divine sources such as the Muses. Compare with invention. artistic evolution, which stresses obeying established ("classical") rules and imitating or appropriation (art) appropriating to produce subtly different but unshockingly understandable work. Compare with crafts.
Dimensions of creativity - Creativity can be assessed on several dimensions: Intellectual leadership. Creative thinkers are able to create new and promising theories or exciting trends which inspire others to follow up; in essence starting a movement, school of thought or trend. Sensitivity to problems. Being able to identify problems that challenge others and open up a new field of thought is a mark of creative thinking. Originality. Creative thinkers are able to find ideas or solutions that no one else has been able to come up with. Patents are (supposedly) given out only to original ideas. Ingenuity. Ingenious solutions are able to solve problems in a neat and surprising way or which also reflect a new perspective at looking at the problem. Unusualness. Creative thinkers are able to see the remote associations between ideas. When word association tests are given, people in highly creative literary fields like poets give a higher proportion of unique responses. Usefulness. Solutions or ideas that are also practical are also considered more creative as the creator is able to meet the constraints of the problem while at the same time producing unusual and original solutions. Appropriateness. Non sequitur ideas can be highly original and unusual, but are not as creative as ideas which are also appropriate to the situation. Tolkien's Lord of the Rings Trilogy is within the genre of fantasy writing, but has also shown itself to be both convincing and imaginative.
Types of creativity and creatives - In ''The Act of Creation'', Arthur Koestler (1964 and various imprints) lists three types of creative individual, the ''Artist'', the ''Sage'' and the ''Jester''. Paul Birch and Brian Clegg (''Crash Course in Creativity'', 2002) have called the three types of creativity that result "aaahhh", "ah ha", and "ha ha". The Artist creates beauty or challenge (''aaahhh''). The Sage creates ideas or solutions (''ah ha'') and the Jester creates humour (''ha ha''). Believers in this trinity hold all three elements necessary in business and can identify them in all in "truly creative" Company (law) companies as well.One can also categorise creativity by where and how it arises.
Measuring creativity - The ultimate test of a creativity is history. Highly creative works will survive the passage of time to remain in our memories: Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel, Isaac Newton's Laws of Motion, Shakespeare's plays. Genrich Altshuller introduced approaching creativity as an ''exact science'' with TRIZ in the 1950s. The psychologist Robert Sternberg has proposed to apply the name ''creatology'' to scientific studies of creativity.Creativity can be measured based on a response to a variety of test scenarios: Expressing ideas: the ability to easily develop and juggle an abundance of associations and phrases when presented with a single word or image. Combining ideas in a new way: developing a wide range of innovative solutions when asked to explore new possibilities for an everyday item (such as a brick). Finding new uses for existing ideas: generating an original idea or solution based on a suggested existing idea Expansion: the ability to work up a tentative idea into a practical solution. Focus and discrimination: recognizing the central challenge within an approach to a solution, while discounting any distracting minor elements, and then evaluating the difficulties. Perspective swapping: the ability to suggest ways of viewing a known problem from a completely different perspective.J. P. Guilford's group constructed several tests to measure creativity: Plot Titles where participants are given the plot of a story and asked to write original titles. Quick Responses is a word association test scored for uncommonness. Figure Concepts where participants were given simple drawings of objects and individuals and asked to find qualities or features that are common by two or more drawings; these were scored for uncommonness. Unusual Uses is finding unusual uses for common everyday objects such as bricks. Remote Associations where participants are asked to find a word between two given words (e.g. Hand _____ Call) Remote Consequences where participants are asked to generate a list of consequences of unexpected events (e.g. loss of gravity)
Social attitudes to creativity - 'Creatitivity' is much praised in principle, but much derided in practice. Those in logical and ordered organisations may praise it but be reluctant to set a creative individual 'loose' in their ordered system. Business is increasingly claiming that professional "creatives" do not have a monopoly on the concept of creativity, and that problem solving in general may require a flexible mind. Employers may value lawyers, accountants, people in sales, and others more highly if such people can use a "creative" approach to their work, albeit within the confines of a logical and constraining system. The phrases "thinking outside the box" and "thinking outside the square" express this idea.Ambivalence to creativity in the West may perhaps be due to the culture's image of creativity; the ingesting of drugs to generate visions; the celebration of eccentricity (behaviour)eccentric behaviour; the possible cross-over between creativity and mental illness; the often bohemian sexual tastes of artists; the cultural association of artists with a life of poverty and misery.
Fostering creativity - Some see the conventional system of education schooling as "stifling" of creativity and attempt (particularly in the pre-school/kindergarten and early school years) to provide a creativity-friendly, rich, imagination-fostering environment for young children. Compare Waldorf School.A growing number of pop psychologists are making money off the idea that one can learn to become more "creative". Several different researchers have proposed several different approaches to prop up this idea, ranging from psychology psychological-cognitive, such as: Synectics Purdue Creative Thinking Program lateral thinking (courtesy of Edward de Bono)to the highly structured such as: TRIZ, the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving ARIZ, the Algorithm of Inventive Problems Solving Algorithm of Inventive Problem-Solving both developed by the Russian scientist Genrich Altshuller.See also: creativity techniques.A study by the psychologist J. Philippe Rushton found that creativity correlated with intelligence (trait)intelligence and psychoticism (Rushton, 1990).
Periods and Personalities - ; 4th century of the Christian EraPappus of Alexandria introduced the term "heuristics"1470sLeonardo da Vinci; Early 20th centuryFritz Zwicky - Morphological AnalysisPablo Picasso painterMarcel Duchamp artist;1940sLawrence Delos MilesGeorge Polya;1950sAlex OsbornSid Parnes;1950sGenrich Altshuller Genrikh Altshuller - TRIZ, ARIZ;1960sCarl Jung classified creativity as one of the five main instinctive forces in humans (Jung 1964)Edward Matchett - Fundamental design method (1968) Carl Rogers's essay "Towards a Theory of Creativity" (1961):Wiliam Gordon - SynecticsEdward de Bono - Lateral thinking;1970sAlbert Rothenberg coined the term 'Janusian thinking'Yoji Akao - Quality function deploymentTotal creativity - the ultimate goal in the philosophy of John David Garcia;1980sPaul Palnik- Creative Consciousness The healthiest state of mind. 1981Robert Sternberg proposed the name "creatology"
See also: - ArtCreative accountingCreative thinkingCreative writingCreativity techniquesDesignFlow (psychology)FlowIntelligence (trait)Innovation
References - Rushton, J.P. Title=Creativity, intelligence, and psychoticism Journal=Personality and Individual Differences Year=1990 Volume=11 Pages=1291–1298
External links - thebridge.org.uk - Explore, Express and Discuss "Inherent Creative Ability"ahapuzzles.com - Aha! Puzzles - Original creative puzzles by Lloyd Kingmycoted.com - Creativity Techniques crinnology.com - A wiki for Creativity Techniques creax.net - CREAX - a collection of creativity-oriented links? worshipinfo.com - Creativity in the Biblefrontpage.et.byu.edu - Creativity - Lecture notes from a university course!creativeeducationfoundation.co m - The Creative Education Foundation, which characterises itself as a non-profit organization of leaders in the field of creativity theory and practice. helpguide.org - Playing Together for Fun: Creative Play and Lifelong Games m1creativity.com - Mental Athletics Programme - An interactive, practical and fun way to explore business creativity m1creativity.com - Creativity & Innovation Tube line - a novel visual representation of the creativity & innovation process globaldharma.org - Global Dharma Center - Website of a non-profit organisation working on the field of Creativity, Business and Spiritual Values. Provides free downloads in the form of research publications, training modules, articles etc on the above mentioned themes.
Creativity Books - lulu.com - 'Amazing "Aha!" Puzzles' by Lloyd KingEssays: members.aol.com - ''The Creative Act'' by Marcel Duchamp. (1957)Wikibooks !Category:Creativityde:Kreativi täteo:Kreivofr:Créativitélt :Kūrybanl:Creativiteitpt:Cria tividaderu:Творчеств simple:Creativitysv:Kreativit etvi:Tư? duy sáng tạo
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Websites
Psicologie del benessere
Sito dedicato alle applocazioni della psicologia al benessere individuale e organizzativo
http://www.ferrucciocavallin.it/
Innovation & idea Management Training
Training & Education for Idea Management Professionals. Knowledge Exchange & Learning Networks
http://www.stufbangkok.net/
UBTRIPPIN' Comedy Entertainment Magazine
Learn more about your favorite comedians and entertainers plus exclusive interviews.
http://www.ubtrippin.com/
Create your Brand Name.
Tools and Services for Brand Naming. Creativity Software and online Brand Naming service.
http://www.cyberwise.no/
Cultural Creatives Business Network
A national network, or professional association of earth-friendly and socially responsible business people. Creative networking, creative business development for all and free marketing opportunities for business members.
http://www.cultural-creatives.net/
Little Major Productions
professional audio recording studio, mixing, mastering, producing, more than 10200 references, the color off music, hugely experienced mastering engineer, you will be amazed what a difference professional mastering can make
http://www.littlemajorproductions.be/
Archimedes Foundation
Philosophy, religion and wisdom
http://www.archimedesfoundation.org/
Howard County Connections
CONNECTIONS seeks to unite the people, institutions, and communities of Howard County, Maryland to provide all young people with the Developmental Assets known to prevent high-risk behaviors and to promote thriving and health.
http://www.howardcountyconnections.org/
Photography, graphic design and web design studio
Croatia based design studio dealing primariliy with graphic, web design and photography.
http://www.dgdesign.hr/
Extraordinary Events
Today, corporations require a unified and integrated approach when planning events, from boardroom and stockholder meetings, to management teambuilding conferences, to grand openings and holiday receptions, to sponsorship of prestigious charity events. At EE we work with a select group of clients to create impact and long-term benefits.
http://www.extraordinary-events.com/
i. karumbah Corporation, a Creative Services Production Company
If it has words, we write it. If it has images, we design it. If you see it on TV, film, video, or the web, we produce it
http://www.ikarumbah.com/
International Peace Resource Center Library
Library Resource: International Peace Resource Center is a resource for peace, security, values, justice, equity, freedom, liberty, social change, civic commitment, service learning, teaching, tutoring, research, and other functions. We access the largest libraries in the world, with more than 120 million items. Our access to collections includes books, sound recordings, motion pictures, photographs, maps, and manuscripts. We are a primary resource for writers, readers, teachers, students, and professionals. Our resources are dedicated to art art of communication.
http://www.InternationalPeaceResources.org/library.html
The C V Centre
C V Writers based in Jersey, Channel Islands
http://cvdesign.co.uk/
www.WritingResource.org/
This non-profit is a primary resource for writers, readers, teachers, students, and professionals. It is dedicated to rhetoric, the art of communication. For those with a passion for language, reading, stories, poetry, drama, and literature, this is the place. We provide sources and resources for grammar, style, tutoring, quotations, dictionaries, proofreading, esl, ennl, creative writing, translation, publishing, journalism, and editing. Portals to activism, civic commitment, and social change are included. Welcome and enjoy!
http://www.WritingResource.org/
cubico.it
on online laboratory ofr web visuals
http://www.cubico.it/
Sound poetry
Penn Kemp's Poetry, Sounding, Creativity, Publishing (hand-made books/cd combos) See http://www.mytown.ca/pendas/, http://www.mytown.ca/pennletters/ http://mytown.ca/poemforpeace/
http://www.pennkemp.ca/
Rachel's Writings
Rachel's Writings includes a variety of practical, informative, inspiring, and entertaining articles, poetry and short stories written by Rachel Keller a Christian homeschooling mother who loves being frugal and enjoys exercising. After visiting Rachel's Writings, click on the link to her frugal parenting column.
http://www.rachelkeller.com/
Simon Teakettle Ink
Books on writing, publicity, humor; mentoring for writers and self-publishers; creativity courses
http://www.simonteakettle.com/
Carl Mays
Carl Mays is the author of over a dozen books and speaker at over 3,000 events.
http://www.carlmays.com/
ideadesign-concept and creativity
industrial design and product communication agency based in Milan, Italy that create and develops personalised projects. Studio di industrial design e comunicazione di prodotto con sede a Milano, che crea e gestisce progetti estremamente personalizzati.
http://www.ideadesign.biz/
Nudges from the Universe!
A humerous path to enlightenment and expanded understanding of how our quantum universe works. Explore and integrate the core universal energies, increase intuition, positive intention and aligned action to create your dreams. Join us for fun and fortune!
http://www.nudgez.com/
OzEmail
Australia's favourite Internet service provider, Ozemail has over 95 access points in Australia.
http://www.ozemail.com.au
Ideas by Creativity Pool
A free pool full of new ideas and inventions. People can search the database for invention ideas, or donate their own ideas and be rewarded.
http://www.creativitypool.com/
Crayola
Lots of easy, kid-friendly crafts.
http://www.crayola.com/
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