Dictionary
a state of being confined (usually for a short time) "his detention was politically motivated" "the prisoner is on hold" "he is in the custody of police" holding by the police "the suspect is in custody" (with `in') guardianship over in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child "my fate is in your hands" "too much power in the president's hands" "your guests are now in my custody" "the mother was awarded custody of the children"
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Wikipedia
Child custody and guardianship are legal terms which are sometimes used to describe the legal and practical relationship between a parent and his or her child, such as the right of the parent to make decisions for the child, and the parent's duty to care for the child. Following ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child in most countries, terms such as "custody" and "access (law) access" (known as "visitation" in the United States) have been superseded by the concepts of "residence" and "contact". Instead of a parent having "custody" of or "access" to a child, a child is now said to "reside" or have "contact" with a parent. For a discussion of the new international standards, see parental responsibility (access and custody)parental responsibility.
General discussion - Residence and contact issues typically arise in proceedings involving dissolution of marriage, annulment and other legal proceedings where children may be involved. In most jurisdictions the issue of which parent the child will reside with is determined in accordance with the best interestsbest interests of the child standard.Family law proceedings which involve issues of residence and contact often generate the most acrimonious disputes. It is not uncommon for one parent to accuse the other of trying to "turn" the child(ren) against him or her, allege some form of emotional, physical, or even sexual abuse by the other parent, or for the "residence" parent to disrupt the other parent's contact or communication with the child(ren). Cases of parents removing children from the jurisdiction in violation of court orders, so as to frustrate the other parent's contact with the children, are not unusual.
The law in the United States -
New York State - Where there are children of the marriage residing in New York State and under the age of 18, a demand for custody is mandatory in divorce actions. Where the children reside outside New York State custody may not be determined, except in some instances by stipulation. Custody may not be awarded to a person other than the father or mother, except under unusual circumstances which require a hearing. Children under the age of 21 must be supported by both parents to the extent that they are able to support the children under the provisions of the Child Support Standards Act.See paternity for discussion of judicial recognition of filiation which may be necessary before custody or support may be determined.
Research - =census.gov - 15% of custodial parents in 2002 were men, unchanged since 1994 (cf. p.1). U.S. Census Bureaufatherhood.hhs.gov - While 40% of children whose fathers live outside the home have no contact with their children, the other 60% had contact an average of 69 days in the last year. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services? fatherhood.hhs.gov - Divorced children raised by mother score lower on average than children with continuously married parents on measures of academic success, conduct, psychological adjustment, social competence, and long-term health outcomes. U.S. Department of Health and Human Servicescensus.gov - Of the 12 million one-parent family, 10 million are maintained by women (group excludes remarriage) (cf. p.8). U.S. Census Bureauacf.hhs.gov - 40% of the time children were maltreated by mother vs. 18% by father U.S. Department of Health and Human Services - Administration for Children and Familiesgocrc.com - State Summary of Joint Custody and Shared Parenting Statutes by Children's Rights Councilfatherhood.hhs.gov - Men are much more likely than women to believe that two parents are more effective at raising children than one parent alone U.S. Department of Health and Human Servicesfatherhood.hhs.gov - 87% of mothers and 73% of fathers reported that they hugged their children or showed them physical affection at least once a day. Similarly high percentages reported telling their children daily that they love them (cf Parenting). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
See also - Child abductionChild supportDivorceFamily lawFathers' rightsMen's rightsParenting planParental Alienation SyndromePaternityShared parenting
External links - hcch.e-vision.nl - Hague Convention law.cornell.edu - LII - US legal sources on Child Custody !feminist4fathers.blogspot.com< /a> - Feminist4Fathers - "Equal means equal. How hard is that to understand?" sharedparentingworks.org - Shared Parenting Works ? auswaertiges-amt.de A German site, but in English, on child abduction great-legal-advice.com - Child custody law acfc.org - The American Coalition for Fathers and Children (ACFC) -- Largest member supported shared parenting organization in the USA deltabravo.net - Child Custody Information -- Large archive of custody-related articles and information groups.yahoo.com - DADS in FAMILY COURT (US Case Law) fnf.org.uk - Families Need Fathers The UK situation is not dissimilar to that in the US. parentingtime.net - www.ParentingTime.net Example of a custody tracking tool dads-house.com - "Dad's House"Forum for Fathers separated from their Children (Ireland)
News articles - newsday.com - A Newsday series: International Child !AbductionsCategory:Childhood!CustodyCategory:DivorceCategor y:Family? !lawCategory:MarriageCategory:P arentingde:Polizeigewahrsam DEBUG REDIRECT (child custody)
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