Wikipedia
]] Ferrari is an Italy Italian manufacturer of racing cars and high-performance sports cars formed by Enzo Ferrari in 1929. At first, Scuderia Ferrari sponsored drivers and manufactured racecars; the company went into independent car production in 1946, eventually became Ferrari Joint stock companyS.p.A., and is now controlled by the Fiat group. The company is based in Maranello, near Modena, Italy.
History - See also:Enzo Ferrari for the founder's life story'':History of Ferrari for details on the Ferrari automobile company'':Scuderia Ferrari for further history of the Ferrari racing team''
1929-1946 - Ferrari founder Enzo Ferrari never intended to produce road cars when he formed Scuderia Ferrari in 1929 as a sponsor for amateur drivers headquartered in Modena. Ferrari prepared and successfully raced various drivers in Alfa Romeo cars until 1938, when he was officially hired by Alfa as head of their racing department.In 1940, upon learning of the company's plan to absorb his beloved Scuderia and take control of his racing efforts, he quit Alfa. Because he was prohibited by contract from racing for several years, the Scuderia briefly became Auto Avio Costruzioni Ferrari, which ostensibly produced machine tools and aircraft accessories. Ferrari did in fact produce one racecar, the Ferrari Tipo 815Tipo 815, in the non-competition period; it was thus the first actual Ferrari car, but due to World War II it saw little competition. In 1943 the Ferrari factory moved to Maranello, where it has remained ever since. The factory was bombed in 1944 and rebuilt in 1946 to include a works for road car production."Scuderia Ferrari" literally means "Ferrari Stable" in keeping with the prancing horse emblem; the name is figuratively translated as "Team Ferrari."
1945-present - ]]The first Ferrari road car was the 1947 Ferrari 125125 S, powered by a 1.5 L V12 engine; Enzo reluctantly built and sold his automobiles to fund the Scuderia. While his beautiful and blazingly fast cars quickly gained a reputation for excellence, Enzo maintained a famous distaste for his customers, most of whom he felt were buying his cars for the prestige and not the performance value.Ferrari road cars, noted for their exquisite styling by design houses such as Pininfarina, have long been one of the ultimate accessories for the rich and young (or young-at-heart). Other design houses that have done work for Ferrari over the years include Scaglietti, Bertone, Touring, Ghia, and Vignale.Ferrari cars feature highly-tuned small V8 and V12 engines, often in a mid-engined configuration; until the introduction of fuel injection in the 1980s, they were quite temperamental. Until the mid-1980s they carried a reputation for unreliability and bad engineering, though these were written off by enthusiasts as "character." Ferrari owners have famously and religiously defended the merits of their cars while virulently criticizing other brands.As of 2004, FIAT owns 56% of Ferrari, Mediobanca owns 15%, Commerzbank owns 10%, Lehman Brothers owns 7%, and Enzo's son Piero Ferrari owns 10%.
Racing - ''Main article: Scuderia Ferrari''Enzo Ferrari's true passion, despite his extensive road car business, was always auto racing. His Scuderia started as an independent sponsor for drivers in various cars, but soon became the Alfa Romeo in-house racing team. After Ferrari's departure from Alfa, he began to design and produce cars of his own; the Ferrari team first appeared on the European grand prix scene after the end of World War II.The Scuderia joined the Formula One World Championship in the first year of its existence, 1950. José Froilán González gave the team its first victory at the 1951 British Grand Prix. Alberto Ascari gave Ferrari its first List of Formula One ChampionsWorld Championship a year later. Ferrari is the oldest team left in the championship, not to mention the most successful: the team holds nearly every Formula One record. As of 2004, the team's records include fourteen World Drivers Championship titles (1952, 1953, 1956, 1958, 1961, 1964, 1975, 1977, 1979, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004), fourteen World Constructors Championship titles (1961, 1964, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1979, 1982, 1983, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004), 179 Grand Prix motor racinggrand prix victories, 3445 and a half points, 544 podium finishes, 174 pole positions, 11,182 laps led, and 180 fastest laps in 1622 grands prix contested.Famous drivers include Tazio Nuvolari, Juan Manuel Fangio, Alberto Ascari, Phil Hill, Mike Hawthorn, John Surtees, Niki Lauda, Jody Scheckter, Gilles Villeneuve, Nigel Mansell, Alain Prost and Michael Schumacher.
The "Cavallino Rampante" - The famous symbol of Ferrari is a black prancing horse on yellow background, usually with the letters ''S F'' for ''Scuderia Ferrari''.The horse was originally the symbol of Count Francesco Baracca, a legendary "asso" (ace) of the Italian air force during World War I, who painted it on the side of his planes. Baracca died very young on June 19, 1918, shot down after 34 victorious duels and many team victories; he soon became a national hero.Baracca had wanted the prancing horse on his planes because his squad, the "Battaglione Aviatori", was enrolled in a Cavalry regiment (air forces were at their first years of life and had no separate administration), and also because he himself was reputed to be the best ''cavaliere'' of his team. It has been supposed that the choice of a horse was perhaps partly because his noble family was known for having many horses on their estates at Lugo di Romagna. Another theory suggests Baracca copied the rampant horse design from a shot down German pilot who had the emblem of the city of Stuttgart on his plane. This is supported by the evidence that Barraca's horse looks more similar to the one of Stuttgart (not changed since 1938) than the current Ferrari design, especially as the legs of the horses are concerned.Interestingly, rivalling German sports car manufacturer Porsche designed its logo by embeddeding the prancing horse logo of Stuttgart into the emblem of the state of Württemberg, just like the city is placed within the state. In the 1920s, Ferdinand Porsche had constructed supercharged cars for Mercedes-Benz in Stuttgart before starting his own engineering company there in the 1930s, designing the Auto Union race cars, amongst others.Curiously, the name Stuttgart is derived from Stutengarten, an ancient form of the modern German word Gestüt, which translates into English as stud farm and into Italian as scuderia. In turn, the Italians call Stuttgart Stoccarda. Obviously, the Ferrari-led Alfa team often met the Silver Arrow teams of Mercedes-Benz (from Stuttgart itself) and later Auto Union at race tracks in the 1920s and 30s, so each knew of the other. ]]On June 17, 1923, Enzo Ferrari won a race at the Savio track in Ravenna where he met the Countess Paolina, mother of Baracca. The Countess asked that he use the horse on his cars, suggesting that it would grant him good luck, but the first race at which Alfa would let him use the horse on Scuderia cars was eleven years later at SPA 24 Hours in 1932. Ferrari won.Ferrari left the horse black as it had been on Baracca's plane; however, he added a canary yellow background because it was the symbolic color of his birthplace, Modena.The prancing horse has not always been uniquely identified with the Ferrari brand: Fabio Taglioni used it on his Ducati motorbikes. Taglioni's father was, in fact, a companion of Baracca's and fought with him in the 91st Air Squad. But, as Ferrari's fame grew, Ducati abandoned the horse; this may have been the result of a private agreement between the two brands.The prancing horse is now a trademark of Ferrari.
List of models - Until the mid-1990s, Ferrari followed a three-number naming scheme based on engine displacement: V6 and V8 models used the total displacement (in deciliters) for the first two digits and the number of cylinders as the third. Thus, the 206 was a 2.0 L V6-powered vehicle, while the 348 used a 3.4 L V8. V12 models used the displacement per cylinder (in cubic centimeters) for all three digits. Therefore, the famed 365 Daytona had a 4380 cc engine (365 times 12).Most Ferraris were also given designations referring to their body style. In general, the following conventions were used: M standing for "Modificata," this suffix is placed to the end of a model's number designation to denote that it is a modified version of its predecessor and not a complete evolution (see Ferrari Testarossa#F512MF512M and Ferrari 575M Maranello575M Maranello). GTB models are closed Berlinettas, or coupes GTS models, in older models, are convertibles (see Ferrari Daytona#365 GTS4365 GTS4); however, in late models, this suffix is used for targa top models (see Ferrari 348348 Ferrari 348#348 GTSGTS, and Ferrari F355F355 Ferrari F355#F355 GTSGTS; exception being the Ferrari 348348 Ferrari 348#348 TSTS, which is the only targa named differently). The convertible models now use the suffix "Spider" (see Ferrari F355F355 Spider, and Ferrari 360 Spider).wikiquote This naming system can be confusing, as some entirely different vehicles used the same engine type and body style. Many Ferraris also had other names affixed (like Daytona) to identify them further. Many such names are actually not the car's official name given by the factory. The Ferrari Daytona#365 GTB4365 GTB4 model only became known as a Daytona after racing variants run by N.A.R.T. (North American Racing Team, who raced Ferrari's in America) won the famous 24 hour race of the same name. As well, the Ferrari 250 GTO250 GTO's famous acronym, which means Gran Turismo Omologato, was simply a name the Italian press gave the car which referred to the way Ferrari had, in a sense, avoided the rules and successfully homologated the car for racing purposes (Ferrari had convinced the FIA, somehow, someway, that the 250 GTO was the same car as previous Ferrari 250250's). This was done probably to avoid confusion with the multiple 250 models which were produced before the GTO.In the mid 1990s, Ferrari added the letter "F" to the beginning of all models (a practice quickly abandoned after the Ferrari Testarossa#F512MF512M and Ferrari F355F355, but recently picked up again with the Ferrari F430F430).
Road models - Early Ferrari vehicles
Ferrari vehicles
's parking lot at the 2005 United States Grand Prix]]
Sports cars - Ferrari's earliest models were pure sports cars, not the exotics we know today. 1948-1950 Ferrari 166166 1951 Ferrari 195195 Coupe 1951-1952 Ferrari 212212 Coupe/Cabriolet 1952 Ferrari 340#340 MM340 MM Berlinetta/Spider
Mid-engine V6/V8 - Targa]]The Dino was the first mid-engined Ferrari. This layout would go on to be used in most Ferraris of the 1980s and 1990s. V6 and V8 Ferrari models make up well over half of the marque's total production. 1968-1975 Ferrari DinoDino* 1968-1973 Dino 206GT* 1968-1973 Dino 246GT/GTS 1975-1989 Ferrari 308GTB208/308/328 GTB/GTS* 1975 Ferrari 308#308 GTB308 GTB/Ferrari 308#308 GTSGTS* 1980 Ferrari 308#208 GTB208 GTB/Ferrari 308#208 GTSGTS* 1980 Ferrari 308#308 GTBi308 GTBi/Ferrari 308#308 GTSiGTSi* 1982 Ferrari 308#208 GTB Turbo208 GTB/Ferrari 308#208 GTS TurboGTS Turbo* 1982 Ferrari 308#308 GTB Quattrovalvole308 GTB/Ferrari 308#308 GTS QuattrovalvoleGTS Quattrovalvole* 1985 Ferrari 308#328 GTB328 GTB Berlinetta* 1986 Ferrari 308#GTB TurboGTB/Ferrari 308#GTS TurboGTS Turbo 1989 Ferrari 348348* 1989 Ferrari 348#348 TB348 TB/Ferrari 348#348 TSTS* 1993 Ferrari 348#348 GTB348 GTB/Ferrari 348#348 GTSGTS 1995-1998 Ferrari F355F355* 1994 Ferrari F355#F355F355/Ferrari F355#F355 GTSGTS* 1997 Ferrari F355#355 F1355 F1 1999-2004 Ferrari 360* 1999-2004 360 Modena/Spider* 2003-2004 Challenge Stradale 2005 Ferrari F430F430
2-seat Gran Turismo - Ferrari quickly moved into the Gran Turismo market, and the bulk of the company's sales remain in this area. 1952-1967 Ferrari AmericaAmerica* 1952 Ferrari America#340 America340 America* 1953 Ferrari America#375 America375 America* 1956 Ferrari America#410 superamerica410 superamerica* 1957 Ferrari America#410 superamerica III410 superamerica III* 1960 Ferrari America#400 superamerica400 superamerica* 1964 Ferrari America#500 Superfast500 Superfast* 1966 Ferrari America#365 California365 California 1953-1962 Ferrari 250250* 1952 Ferrari 250#250S250S/250MM* 1953 Ferrari 250#250 Export/Europa250 Export/Europa* 1954-1963 Ferrari 250#250 GT250 GT Europa/Boano/Ellena/Coupe Pininfarina/Lusso* 1957-1960 Ferrari 250#Sports cars250 GT !Berlinetta/Cabriolet/Californi a? Spyder/SWB 1964 Ferrari 330330* 1966 Ferrari 330#330 GTC330 GTC Coupe* 1966 Ferrari 330#330 GTS330 GTS Spider 1964-1968 Ferrari 275275* 1964-1965 Ferrari 275#275 GTB275 GTB/Ferrari 275#275 GTSGTS* 1966-1968 Ferrari 275#275 GTB4275 GTB/4 1968 Ferrari 365365* 1968-1969 Ferrari 365#365 GTC365 GTC Coupe* 1969-1970 Ferrari 365#365 GTS365 GTS Spider 1968-1973 Ferrari DaytonaDaytona* 1968 Ferrari Daytona#365 GTB4365 GTB4/Ferrari Daytona#365 GTS4365 GTS4 1996-2001 Ferrari 550 Maranello550 Maranello* 1996-2000 Ferrari 550#550 Maranello550 Maranello Coupe* 2001 Ferrari 550#550 Barchetta550 Barchetta 2002-2004 Ferrari 575M Maranello575M Maranello* 2004 Ferrari 575M MaranelloBarchetta* 2005 Ferrari 575M MaranelloSuperamerica 2006 Ferrari 600 Imola
Mid-engine 2+2 - -bodied Ferrari DinoDino Ferrari GT4308 GT4]]For a time, Ferrari built 2+2 versions of its mid-engined V8 cars. Although they looked quite different from their 2-seat counterparts, both the GT4 and Mondial were very closely-related to the 308 GTB. 1974-1980 Ferrari GT4208/308 GT4* 1974-1975 Ferrari GT4#308 GT4''Dino'' 308GT4* 1976-1980 Ferrari GT4#308 GT4308GT4* 1975 Ferrari GT4#208 GT4208 GT4 1980 Ferrari MondialMondial* 1980 Ferrari Mondial#Mondial 8Mondial 8* 1982 Ferrari Mondial#Mondial QuattrovalvoleMondial Quattrovalvole* 1983 Ferrari Mondial#Mondial CabrioletMondial Cabriolet* 1985 Ferrari Mondial#3.2 Mondial3.2 Mondial/Ferrari Mondial#3.2 Cabriolet3.2 Cabriolet* 1989 Ferrari Mondial#Mondial TMondial T
Front-engine 2+2 - ]]The company has also produced front-engined 2+2 cars, culminating in the current 612 Scaglietti. 1960-1963 Ferrari 250250* 1960-1963 Ferrari 250#250 GT250 GT 2+2 1964-1967 Ferrari 330330* 1964-1967 Ferrari 330#330 GT330 GT 2+2 1967-1971 Ferrari 365365* 1967-1971 Ferrari 365#365 GT365 GT 2+2 1968-1973 Ferrari Daytona365 Daytona* 1971-1972 Ferrari Daytona#365 GTC4365 GTC4* 1972-1976 Ferrari Daytona#365 GT4365 GT4 2+2 1976-1989 Ferrari 400400/412* 1976 Ferrari 400#400 Automatic400 Automatic* 1979 Ferrari 400#400i400i* 1985 Ferrari 400#412412 1992-2003 Ferrari 456456/456M* 1992-1997 Ferrari 456#456 GT456 GT/GTA Coupe* 1998-2003 Ferrari 456#456M GT456M GT Coupe 2004-2005 Ferrari 612 Scaglietti612 Scaglietti
Mid-engine 12-cylinder - Ferrari entered the mid-engined 12-cylinder fray with the flattened Berlinetta Boxer in 1971. The later Testarossa remains one of the most famous Ferraris. 1971-1984 Ferrari 512 Berlinetta Boxer512 Berlinetta Boxer* 1971 Ferrari 512 Berlinetta Boxer#365 GT4 BB365 GT4 BB* 1976 Ferrari 512 Berlinetta Boxer#512BB512BB * 1981 Ferrari 512 Berlinetta Boxer#512iBB512iBB 1984-1996 Ferrari TestarossaTestarossa* 1984-1992 Ferrari Testarossa#TestarossaTestarossa* 1992-1994 Ferrari Testarossa#512TR512TR* 1994-1996 Ferrari Testarossa#F512MF512M
Supercars - ]]The company's loftiest efforts have been in the supercar market. 1962 Ferrari 250 GTO250 GTO 1984 Ferrari GTO288 GTO 1988-1992 Ferrari F40F40 1995-1997 Ferrari F50F50 2003 Ferrari Enzo FerrariEnzo Ferrari
Competition models -
Current - Ferrari 360 GTC360 GTCFerrari 360 Challenge360 ChallengeFerrari 575 GTC575 GTCFerrari FXXFXX
Past - collection]] 1947 Ferrari 125125 Sport 1948 Ferrari 166166 1949 Ferrari 125 F1125 F1 1951 Ferrari America340 America 1952 Ferrari 250#250MM250MM 1953 Ferrari America340 MM 1953 Ferrari America375 MM 1954 Ferrari 750 Monza750 Monza 1954 Ferrari 250#250 Monza250 Monza 1956 Ferrari TR#250 Testa Rossa250 Testa Rossa 1960 Ferrari TR#250 TR250 TR60/61 1962 Ferrari 250 GTOGTO* 1962 Ferrari 250 GTO250 GTO* 1963 Ferrari 330#330 LMB330 LMB 1963 Ferrari PP/LM series* 1963 Ferrari P#250 P250 P* 1964 Ferrari P#250 LM250 LM* 1964 Ferrari P#330 P330 P* 1965 Ferrari P#330 P2330 P2* 1966 Ferrari P#330 P3330 P3* 1967 Ferrari P#330 P4330 P4* 1968 Ferrari P#412 P412 P 1969 Ferrari 312 P312 P 1969 Ferrari 512 S512 S 1971 Ferrari 312 PB312 PB 1994 Ferrari 333 SP333 SP 1996 Ferrari F50F50 GT
See also - commonsFerrari List of automobile manufacturers List of Italian companies List of Ferrari engines
External links - ferrariworld.com - The official Ferrari website (in Italian, English and German) galleriaferrari.com - The Galleria Ferrari museum website (in Italian and English) ferrariforum.com - Ferrari Forum - Networking the Ferrari World ferrarichat.com - An online Ferrari community myautoworld.com - myAutoWorld.com Ferrari Profiles and Reviews; Chatting in IRC irc.quakenet.org - #Ferrari -- The unofficial Ferrari support channel for all Ferrari fans in QuakeNet Internet Relay ChatIRC NetworkCategory:Ferrarida:Ferraride:Ferrariet:F erraries:Ferrarifr:Ferrari? !(automobiles)hu:Ferrariid:Ferr ariit:Ferrarihe:פראריnl:F errarija:フェラーリno:Fer raripl:Ferraript:Ferrarisr:Ф рариfi:Ferrarisv:Ferrari? (bilmärke)tr:Ferrari
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