hospital

a health facility where patients receive treatment a medical institution where sick or injured people are given medical or surgical care

in a hospital. German engraving from 1682.]]A hospital today is an institution for professional health care provided in part by physicians and nurses.

Terminology - During the Middle Ages the hospital could serve other functions, such as almshouse for the poor, or hostel for pilgrims. The name comes from Latin ''hospes'' (host), which is also the root for the words hotel and hospitality. Some patients just come just for diagnosis and/or therapy and then leave (outpatients); while others are "admitted" and stay overnight or for several weeks or months (inpatients). Hospitals are usually distinguished from other types of medical facilities by their ability to admit and care for inpatients. Grammar of the word differs slightly, with American English preferring that someone is "in ''the'' hospital", while Commonwealth English (including some Canadian English) prefers that someone is "in hospital". Commonwealth English also maintains that "''an'' hospital" is the correct usage in situations where the noun in question must be prefixed with an article, while in American English, "a hospital" is preferred, as the actual pronunciation of the phrase is easier due to the aspirated 'h' with which the word starts.

Types - The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, which is set up to deal with many kinds of disease and injury, and typically has an emergency ward/A&E department to deal with immediate threats to health and the capacity to dispatch emergency medical services. A general hospital is typically the major health care facility in its region, with large numbers of beds for intensive care and long-term care; and specialized facilities for surgery, plastic surgery, childbirth, bioassay laboratories, and so forth. Larger cities may have many different hospitals of varying sizes and facilities.Very large hospitals are often called Medical Centers and usually conduct operations in virtually every field of modern medicine.Types of specialized hospitals include trauma centers, Children's Hospitalchildren's hospitals, seniors' hospitals, and hospitals for dealing with specific medical needs such as psychiatrypsychiatric problems (see psychiatric hospital), lungpulmonary diseases, and so forth. A hospital may be a single building or a campus. Some hospitals are affiliated with universities for medical research and the training of medical personnel. Within the United States, many hospitals are for-profit, while elsewhere in the world most are non-profit. Many hospitals have hospital volunteer programs where people (usually students and senior citizens) can volunteer and provide various ancillary services. A medical facility smaller than a hospital is called a clinic, and is often run by a government agency for health services or a private partnership of physicians (in nations where private practice is allowed). Clinics generally provide only outpatient services.

History - In ancient cultures religion and medicine were linked. The earliest known institutions aiming to provide cure were Ancient EgyptEgyptian temples. Greek temples dedicated to the healer-god Asclepius might admit the sick, who would wait for guidance from the god in a dream. The Ancient RomeRomans adopted his worship. Under his Roman name Æsculapius, he was provided with a temple (291 BC) on a island in the Tiber in Rome, where similar rites were performed.The first institutions created specifically to care for the sick appeared in India. Brahmantic hospitals were established in Sri Lanka by 431 BC, and King Ashoka founded 18 hospitals in Hindustan c. 230 BC The latter were provided with physicians and nurses, and supported from royal funds. The first ''teaching hospital'', however, where students were authorized to methodically practice on patients under the supervision of physicians as part of their education, was the Academy of Gundishapur in the Persian Empire. Moreover, "to a very large extent, the credit for the whole hospital system must be given to Persia".(''A medical history of Persia'', C. Elgood, Cambridge Univ. Press, p. 173.)The Romans created ''valetudinaria'' for the care of sick slaves, gladiators and soldiers around 100 BC. The adoption of Christianity as the state religion of the empire drove an expansion of the provision of care, but not just for the sick. The First Council of Nicaea in 325 A.D. urged the Church to provide for the poor, sick, widows and strangers. It ordered the construction of a hospital in every cathedral town. Among the earliest were those built by the physician Saint Sampson in Constantinople and by Basil of CaesareaBasil, bishop of Caesarea. The latter was attached to a monastery and provided lodgings for poor and travelers, as well as treating the sick and infirm. There was a separate section for lepers. Medieval hospitals in Europe followed a similar pattern. They were religious communities, with care provided by monks and nuns. (An old French term for hospital is ''hôtel-Dieu'', "hostel of God.") Some were attached to monasteries. Others were independent and had their own endowments, usually of property, which provided income for their support. Some were multi-function. Others were founded specifically as leper hospitals, or as refuges for the poor or for pilgrims. Not all cared for the sick. Meanwhile Muslim hospitals developed a high standard of care between the eighth and twelfth centuries A.D. Hospitals built in Baghdad in the ninth and tenth centuries employed up to twenty-five staff physicians and had separate wards for different conditions. State-supported hospitals also appeared in China during the first millennium A.D. In Europe the medieval concept of Christian care evolved during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries into a secular one, but it was in the eighteenth century that the modern hospital began to appear, serving only medical needs and staffed with physicians and surgeons. Britain led the field. Guy's Hospital was founded in London in 1724 from a bequest by wealthy merchant Thomas Guy. Other hospitals sprang up in London and other British cities over the century, many paid for by private subscriptions. In the British American colonies the Pennsylvania General Hospital was chartered in Philadelphia in 1751, after £2,000 from private subscription was matched by funds from the Assembly. In Continental Europe the new hospitals were generally built and run from public funds. The Charité was founded in 1710. Whatever the financing, by the mid-nineteenth century most of Europe and the United States had established a variety of public and private hospital systems.

Hospitals in the United States - In the United States the traditional hospital is a non-profit hospital, usually sponsored by a religious denomination. One of the earliest of these "almshouses" in what would become the United States was started by William Penn in Philadelphia in 1713. These hospitals are tax-exempt due to their charitable purpose, but provide only a minimum of charitable medical care. They are supplemented by large public hospitals in major cities and research hospitals often affiliated with a medical school. In the late twentieth century chains of for-profit hospitals have arisen.The United States is home to some of the most technologically advanced hospitals in the world that have patients come from all over to have special procedures or operations.Some of these include:

Parkland Memorial Hospital in Dallas, Texas

Baylor University Medical Center in Dallas, Texas

University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, Texas

Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital in Houston, Texas

UCLA Medical Center in Los Angeles

University of Chicago Hospitals and Northwestern Memorial Hospital in Chicago, Illinois

University of Illinois Hospital in Chicago, Illinois

Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota by Minneapolis

Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore

Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston

Jackson Memorial Hospital in Miami

University of Pittsburgh Medical Center in Pittsburgh

Los Angeles County-USC Medical Center in Los Angeles

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles

Duke University Medical Center in Durham, North Carolina by Raleigh

University of North Carolina Hospital and Clinics in Chapel Hill, North Carolina by Raleigh

Cleveland Clinic in Cleveland, Ohio

San Francisco Medical Center in San Francisco

Barnes-Jewish Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri

New York-Presbyterian Hospital in New York City

University of Michigan Medical Center in Ann Arbor, Michigan by Detroit

Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan

Stanford University Medical Center in Stanford, California by San Jose, CaliforniaSan Jose

See also - Wiktionary

Field hospital

French white plan

List of hospitals

Length of stay

Hospital information system

Triage

Tertiary referral hospital

External links - commonsHospital

ricwoods.com - Murals in the John Hunter Childrens Hospital Newcastle by Australian artist ric woods create a healing envoirnment

!building-history.pwp.blueyonde r.co.uk - Jean Manco, The Heritage of Mercy covers medieval hospitals in Britain.

musee-mccord.qc.ca - Last Resort: Hospital Care in Canada — Illustrated Historical EssayCategory:Hospitals !Category:HealthcareCategory:Bu ildings? and !structurescs:Nemocniceda:Hospi talde:Krankenhausel:Νοσοκ ομείοes:Hospitalfr:Centre ? hospitalierid:Rumah sakithe:בית !חוליםnl:Ziekenhuisja:病� ��no:Sykehuspl:Szpitalpt:Hospi talfi:Sairaalasv:Sjukhuszh:醫 院

Chirala
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http://www.chirala.com/

Medical Lawyer
John R. Irwin, A.B., J.S., B.S., M.D. Lawyer-Physician providing legal assistance regarding contemporary medical legal issues, including malpractice, licensure, hospital privileges.
http://www.lawyerdoctor.com/

Lemonus Productions
Iowa based indie-filmmaking company. Check here for freshly squeezed films.
http://www.lemonus.com/

Laparoscopy Hospital
Laparoscopy Hospital has been established to ensure the highest standards for the practice of laparoscopic surgery. It is dedicated to the treatment, training and research in laparoscopic procedures. It is a major pole of excellence for training in minimal access surgery. More than 1500 surgeons and gynaecologists from almost all the country and every corner of the world has already been trained. Laparoscopic training offered has an International recognition by World Association of Laparoscopic Surgeons.
http://www.laparoscopyhospital.com/

Medical Equipment online store
Online store of medical products for the business and the private sectors
http://www.mediquipped.com/

dentistanbul dental hospital
Dentistanbul Dental Hospital is the first and only Private Dental Hospital recognized by the Ministry of Health.T.R. to render oral and dental care service for 365 days 24 hours with specialist physicians in Pediatric Orthodontics, Adult Orthodontics, Prosthodontics, Dental & Maxillofacial Surgery, Aesthetic Denstry, Prothetic Dentistry, Temporo-mandibular Joint Disease, Implantology, Pedodontics and Perodontology branches.
http://dentistanbul.com.tr/

Charnwood Healthcare Ltd
Medical Manufacturers of pressure relieving products in theatres and the domestic/private sector for seating and bed mattresses, K-Liner abrasion resistant clothing for motorbike& sports enthusiasts
http://www.charnwoodhealthcare.com/

malpractice questions answered
a place to ask questions about medical malpractice, and a display of book title about malpractice
http://www.malpracticequestions.com/

neuropad
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http://www.neuropad.gr/

Hospital and Healthcare Employment
Healthcare Recruiting Associates provides medical job employment opportunities for healthcare professionals, nursing managers, clinicians and other hospital careers.
http://www.hospital-employment.org/

EUROPSO - European Federation of Psoriasis Associations
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http://www.europso.org/

Antalya4u Consulting
Antalya4u Consulting, Real Estate - Immobilie - Emlak
http://www.antalya4u.com

London Bridge Hospital
London Bridge Hospital is committed to excellence and quality and has established an international reputation for offering the very best in private healthcare.
http://www.londonbridgehospital.com/

Medical Equipment online store
Online store of medical products for the business and the private sectors
http://www.babysens.com/

hospital and preventive medical treatment center
ntt
http://www.ntt-hospital.jp/

Environmental Infection Control
Independent environmental consultants specializing in healthcare and extended care facilities. Services include outbreak investigation, risk assessment and management of air and water systems and infection control risk assessment for construction and renovation.
http://www.eicconsultants.com/

Athens County Ohio Health Directory
Indexes practitioners in multiple health disciplines who practice in this area and reside locally.
http://www.countyhealthdirectory.com/oh/athens/

Academy of Medical Laboratory Science
he Academy of Medical Laboratory Science, the professional body for Medical Scientists in Ireland. The Academy functions as the Designated Authority with the approval of the Minister of Health and Children, in evaluating the education and training necessary to practise medical laboratory science in Ireland. Membership or eligibility for membership of the Academy of Medical Laboratory Science is a requirement to practise in the profession in Ireland . The Academy is active in researching the policies, procedures and the associated technology necessary to ensure the highest quality service within pathology laboratories at a national and an international level.
http://www.amls.ie/

Vericle - practice management and billing technology
By consolidating technology for hundreds of separate billing services, Vericletracks payer performance from a single point of control, shares Medicare compliance rules globally, and creates massive economies of scale.
http://www.vericle.com/

Aid to Indochina
Aid to Indochina Aid and cooperation from Ticino to Indochina Aiuto e cooperazione fra Ticino ed Indocina
http://www.esperance-acti.org/

St. Barnabas Nursing Home
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http://www.stbarnabasnursinghome.org/

OMBAS, Group Benefits
private health services plan, often referred to as ASO (administrative services only), HCSA (health care spending accounts)
http://www.ombas.ca/

Real Estate Antalya
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http://www.realestateantalya.com/

AEMIR
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http://www.aemir.org/

Medical Expert Witnesses
The Staff, Medical Directors and Expert Witnesses have combined experience in consulting and assisting 15,000 Attorneys in recovering hundreds of millions of dollars in over 80,000 Medical Malpractice cases. We can substantially increase your opportunity for success as well as the value of your cases by providing our professional services and qualified Medical Experts to help you effectively prove all issues of Negligence, Causation and Damages. We have more than 7,000 independent Board Certified Medical Experts, in all specialties, available to review your case. These Experts, many of whom are professors and/or in private practice, are located in every state, and are concerned Medical Professionals who will testify in support of their unbiased opinions.
http://www.malpracticeinvestigations.com/

Phuket Health and Travel
The Medical tourist hub in Thailand. We are located at the Bangkok Hospital in Phuket. Typical holiday treatments are plastic surgery, liposuction, dental treatments and health check up.
http://www.phuket-health-travel.com/

Nursing home and convalescent Hospitals
Nursing home and convalescent Hospitals in Los Angeles and Valley areas.
http://www.goldenstatehealth.com/

On My Path Music
Sky was musically and spiritually trained in the Native American and Tibetan Buddhist traditions - and is a sound healer. “My music is but a reflection of compassion, equanimity, joy, and love. We have need for potent healing music, which is a timely refuge for the world - because we are living in degenerate, highly stressful times. Our bodies have need to hear the benevolent ancient healing sound memories because the traumas we are experiencing today are effecting our bodies in ways that need support and healing through the application of this ancient music. Traditional allopathic testing, treatments and medicines alone are not resolving these traumas. Here are a few reports of Sky's music: the healing qualities of your music is incomparable and I encouraged you to reach much larger audiences * your healing music has greatly eased the symptoms of my bipolar depressive disorder. * my children's fussiness is stopped with your music, and they become relaxed and soothed - no more problems with bedtime: they ask me to put on your music then quickly fall into calm sleep. * “I play your music in my medical office because it produces a calm soothing environment. – I feel better, am more productive, my patients are more relaxed and enjoy the music as well.”
http://www.skyhawksmusic.com/

Finger Lakes Health
A community-owned, non-profit health system providing a full range of acute and long term care health services to residents of the Finger Lakes region in Upstate New York, including 2 hospitals, 4 nursing homes, an ambulatory surgery center, primary care centers, child care and a nursing program.
http://www.flhealth.org/

Emlaksayfasi Antalya
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http://www.emlaksayfasi.com

Tourette Syndrome Foundation of Canada
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http://www.tourette.ca/

St. Barnabas Hospital
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http://www.stbarnabashospital.org

Virtual Hospital
A digital health sciences library at the University of Iowa for health care providers and patients.
http://www.vh.org

Gateway to Neurology at Massachusetts General Hospital
Information about Parkinson's disease, online patient and caregiver services, programs and partnerships.
http://neuro-www.mgh.harvard.edu/

American Hospital Association
The Association represents hospitals, healthcare networks and their patients and communities. Extensive information on current Acts, Congressional budgets and news of interest to the healthcare industry.
http://www.aha.org

American Hospital Directory
Provides online information for nearly 6,000 hospitals. The database is built from federal files and AHA Annual Survey Data from the American Hospital Association. [Advanced searching is fee based - ed]
http://www.ahd.com/