jewelry

an adornment (as a bracelet or ring or necklace) made of precious metals and set with gems (or imitation gems)

Jewellery (Jewelry in American spelling); consists of ornamental devices worn by persons, typically made with gems and precious metals. Costume jewelleryCostume jewellery is made from less valuable materials. However, jewellery can and has been made out of almost every kind of material. The word is derived from the word "jewel", which was anglicised from the Old French "jouel" in around the 13th century. Further tracing leads back to the Latin word "jocale", meaning plaything.Jewellery, particularly when made with precious materials, is generally considered valuable and desirable. Jewellery can consist of a variety of precious gemstones, coins or other precious items and is usually mounted in precious metals consisting of either gold, platinum or silver. Most gold alloys used in jewellery range from 10K to 21K gold, platinum alloys range from 900 (90% pure) to 950 (95.0% pure).Some cultures have a practice of keeping large amounts of wealth stored in the form of jewellery. Jewellery can also be symbolic, as in the case of ChristianityChristians wearing a crucifix in the form of jewellery, or, as is the case in many Western cultures, marriagemarried people wearing a wedding ring. Jewellery in various forms has been made and worn by both sexes in almost every (if not every) human culture, on every inhabited continent. Personal adornment seems to be a basic human tendency.

Types -

Timeline - This is a jewellery timeline from the first uses of metal in history to the Renaissance.

7000 BC - Uses of copper in Anatolia, Iran and Eastern Europe.

5000 BC - Uses of copper in Egypt.

4000 BC - Smelting technology for copper in Egypt and Iran.

3450 BC - Use of natural zinc/copper alloy in Egypt.

3500 BC - Gold makes an appearance in Egyptian jewellery.

3000 BC - Egypt and Iran makeing simple hammered iron beads

3000 BC - The Middle East employ semi-mass-production

2000 BC - First signs of the ''swagging'' technique

2600 BC - Beaded wires began to be used.

2500 BC - Egyptians using copper/lead alloys.

2500 BC - True iron production technology in Near East.

2500 BC - The intentional addition of silver and copper to gold.

2500 BC - Gold wires are characterised by seam lines that follow a spiral path along the wire.

2000 BC - Use of patterned punches

1500 BC - Earplugs and earrings become popular in Egypt.

1400 BC - Egypt Amarna period, using resin and mud for repoussé backing.

1400 BC - Deliberate addition of zinc to copper in Canaan.

1400 BC - Philistines have iron.

1400 BC - Very copper rich gold alloys popular in Egypt.

1000 BC - IranPersian sheet bronze work 0.05mm thick.

1000 BC - The start of true engraving.

900 BC - The Greeks have iron.

700 BC - World's oldest coinage in Lydia.

575 BC - In Greece, jewellery is still very rare.

500 BC - Hafted hammers were being used in some parts.

500 BC - Iron in use in Britain

400 BC - Greeks using Beeswax for filler in repoussé.

350 BC - Use of combined punches and dies of bronze.

325 BC - Animal or human-headed hoop earrings were popular.

300 BC - Diadem (personal wear)Diadems are first seen.

300 BC - Red Coral popular in Celtic jewellery.

50AD 50 - Start of the Ancient RomeRoman period, where addition of silver to gold becomes almost unknown.

100AD 100 - Sulphur fills hollow gold items throughout the Roman Empire.

150AD 150 - Tin rings found in Nubia

300AD 300 - Lead becomes more common in places.

400AD 400 - Pewter jewellery is made.

AD 400 - A shale die is found in Britain.

1500AD 1500 - The Renaissance

See also -

Artisan

Art NouveauArt Nouveau jewellery

Beauty

Costume jewellery

Fashion

Gemological Institute of America The Non-Profit Educational Institution of the Jewelry Industry.

Gemstone

GoldsmithGoldsmithing

Human physical appearance

Jewellery cleaning

SilversmithSilversmithing

Bibliography -

The Splendor of Ethnic Jewelry - France Borel, 1994.

A history of jewellery 1100-1870 - Joan Evans, 1989.

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Jewelry & Jewelry Accessories from JAIPUR
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Turquoise Tortoise Art Gallery at Piñon Pointe [Sedona Arizona]
Our art gallery captures fresh and powerful contemporary designs in Southwestern painting, sculpture, jewelry, rugs, pillows and furniture. The design gallery features a talented ensemble of cutting-edge Contemporary artists.
http://www.turqtortpinonpt.com

Iceopals Jewelry
Unique designer jewelry featuring the best in Australian opals and rare American turquoise.
http://www.iceopalsjewelry.com/

SereneQuest Relaxation Products and Concepts
Offering relaxation and stress relieving products and concepts. Helping every individual discover well-being and inner balance, naturally..
http://www.serenequest.com/

StormRising Designs
Indulge in the luxury of handmade beaded artisan jewelry. We feature unique handcrafted bracelets, earrings and necklaces made with silver, glass beads, crystals, and semi-precious stones.
http://www.stormrisingdesigns.com/

Hapa Culture
An online store that offers a unique collection of fusion objects blended in cultures and styles, from bilingual wedding invites to lamps and toys while supporting nonprofits for multicultural communities.
http://www.hapaculture.com/

Earth, Hand and Fire Pottery - Pottery and Jewelry by Gail Grice
Born to a family of artist's, Gail's award winning pottery graces the cover of Fire Arts magazine. Available at local craft fairs, shops and galleries.
http://www.ehfpottery.com

Sara Nolte Designs
Handcrafted precious and semi precious gemstone jewelry & accessories. Our jewels & accessories are hand crafted one of kind item made with painstaking attention to detail. We create heirloom quality jewels just for you.
http://www.saranoltedesigns.com/

Gold Wolff Jewelers in Flagstaff, Arizona
Gold Wolff Jewelers specializes in custom made jewelry for those looking for that original and different piece. Don't settle for the same old thing that you could buy at any shop in your local mall. Have Gold Wolff make you exactly what you want. Our work is exquisite, unique, and reasonably priced. Why pay more for the same old thing, when you could have your own work of art.
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Diva Pearls
Wholesale cultured pearl jewelry from pearl importer. Unique designs set in 14K, 18K, platinum. South Sea and Tahitian pearl strands, pendants, rings, earrings.
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Southern Belle Home Decoration & Giftware
Gifts Home office Restaurant decorative accessories limited series photographs Summer Vacation apparel Provencal skirts girls clothing jewelry stained glass Jacquard tablecloth linens handbags candles antiques collectibles giftware
http://gift.contactez.net

Rubin Kennedy Designs
unique hand crafted sterling silver, 18 karat or platinum jewllery, set with fine diamonds and colourful gems from Vancouver Jewellery Designer Benée Rubin.
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Secondhand Savvy
British Columbia's Online Source for secondhand shops, services, and events.
http://www.secondhandsavvy.com/

Premium Jewelry Cleaner
Leading Jewelers, Appraisers, and Gemologists recommend using SparkleSparkle because its safe for gemstones, antique jewelry, and fine jewelry - and it cleans jewelry better and faster than any other jewelry cleaning method. Experience the way thousands of jewelry professionals and jewelry owners conveniently clean their jewelry with SparkleSparkle Premium Jewelry Cleaner and JewelryCare Products.
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Studioloo
An artistic website with work in many mediums. Handspun yarn, handmade hats, clockworks, jewellery and many other forms of work.
http://www.studioloo.com/

jewelry
Great selection of gold and platinum jewelry: gold and platinum rings, necklaces, bracelets, earrings and slides
http://www.guvy.com/

Hand Engraving
Classic European Hand Engraving
http://www.handengraver.com/

Shulan's Farlawn Jewlers
High end retailer of jewlery gifts and tabletop. One of the countries largest selection
http://www.shulans.com/

Welcome to Dreamweavers!
Truly a 1-stop shop for all your wedding and party details (everything but the dress). Making events YOU-nique since 1996.
http://www.dreamweaverswedding.com/

Tommy Bahama, Tori Richards, Nat Nast, Hawaiian Shirts
The best selection of authentic Hawaiian Shirts. We also carry Tommy Bahama, Nat Nast and other favorite brands.
http://www.moonbowtropics.com/

Pure Pearls Jewelry
Find exquisite fine pearl jewelry, necklaces, earrings and sets of Akoya, Tahitian, Freshwater and South Sea pearls at up to 80% off retail prices from Pure Pearls. Free Shipping and GIA-certified appraisals included...
http://www.purepearls.com/

Creation Nepal :: Handicrafts shop, Nepal wholesale business, Nepali handmade paper & Tibetan silver jewelry suppliers
Manufacturer & Exporter of Handicraft from Nepal and Tibet, offering online sale, product information, fashion & other hand made items by skillful contemporary artists living in the Himalayan region.
http://www.creationnepal.com/

Pearl Guide
Information about the worlds oldest gem - the pearl. Discussion forum for consumers and professionals.
http://www.pearl-guide.com/

Goldmine Jewelry Online
Online Jewelry Store for online shopping. Featuring the latest styles of Simon G., Lorenzo and many others. Shop at Goldmine Jewelry for the best deals on jewelry today.
http://www.gminejewelry.com/

PiercedFlesh.com
We are a piercing site specializing in providing information on piercing including pictures and experience stories as well as piercing theory. We provide a wide variety of piercing supplies, kits and jewelry. Ask about our in home Piercing Parties.
http://www.piercedflesh.com/

SWCreations Handcrafted Beaded Jewelry
Handcrafted beaded anklets, bookmarks, bracelets, car jewels, fan pulls, earrings, keychains, jewelry sets, necklaces, and watches.
http://www.swcreations.net/

Pracownia Biżuterii Klejnot s.c.
Silver with Amber Jewelry Producer
http://www.klejnot.pl/

Diamond Source of Virginia
Low priced retailer of high quality loose diamonds, engagement diamond rings and fine jewelry specializes in hard to find diamonds, large sizes, fancy shapes and ideal cuts for the special occasions in your life. Discover the better way to buy diamonds.
http://www.diamondsourceva.com/diamond-rings.asp

Tina Aspiala, metalsmith
Tina Aspiala's designs, with a focus on mokume. More than just surface, the pattern in mokume goes entirely through the piece; the pattern is not on the material - it is the material. Unlike so many modern products, mokume is permanent.
http://www.aspiala.com/

Thailand wholesale gemstones: pink yellow fancy sapphires blue sapphire gemstone ruby stone - saphire saphires stones for dealer supplier
wholesale gemstones: cabochon cut ruby stone, loose rubies, blue, fancy, yellow, pink sapphire gemstone for dealer and supplier
http://www.swdgems.com/main.htm

Lasting Impressions... Your Best Choice for Fine Gifts and Collectibles!
Lasting Impressions offers a mixture of unique and traditional fine gifts and collectibles online and at our bricks-and-mortar shop.
http://www.lastingimpressionsfinegifts.com/

Wholesale Baltic Amber Silver Jewelry; Handmade Greeting Cards Wholesale Retail
Amber-Market.com enables wholesale purchasing of jewelry and handmade greeting cards directly from the manufacturers.
http://www.amber-market.com/

Jewelry wire supplies
Start your own Home Based business making & design your own cameo jewelry with videos ,free jewelry patterns, jewelry supplies & Cameos of all shapes
http://jewelry-wire-supply.com

My Pewter Online Shopping
Malaysia premier online shopping for pewter
http://www.mypewter.com/

Moonstones Gallery
A collection of finely crafted American Art. We specialize in jewelry, kinetic sculpture and wood jewelry boxes.
http://www.moonstonesgallery.com/

art as ornamentation
simple yet elegant in design circle creates contemporary, hand-crafted jewelry for women and men.
http://www.circlejewelry.com/

Flea Market Vendors Directory
List of Flea Market Vendors websites of their merchandise and a link to the Flea Market where they have a booth.
http://www.nationalvendorsdirectory.com/

Fine jewellery, appraisals, Canadian diamonds, quality service in Ottawa, Canada
We specialize in service to our customer's. It's all about how well we help you find what you are looking for. We have been in business in Ottawa for over 25 years and have survived mostly by word of mouth advertising. Come see us soon!
http://www.congersjewellers.com/

www.bluemooncreations.com
handcrafted feather jewelry,barrettes,earrings,chokers,hatbands,
http://www.bluemooncreations.com/

Art of Legend India
We are ISO 9001 certified manufacturer and exporter of handicrafts, jewelry, art paintings, home furnishings.
http://www.artoflegendindia.com/

Color fiesta - Contemporary Glass Art & Fashion Accessories
Surbhi Vaswani is a California Glass painter and jewelry designer. She handpaints functional glassware and makes stained glass paintings. She also makes glass jewelry.
http://www.colorfiesta.com/

Egyptian Addiction
Wholesalers of quality Belly Dancing Costumes, hipscarves, jewelry, harem pants, skirts, tops, sarongs, sticks, Bedouin clothing and musical instruments. Egyptian Addiction is owned and operated by an Australian/Egyptian couple in Cairo, Egypt. We are a small family company with excellent quality control manufacturing handmade quality Belly Dancing accessories.
http://www.egyptianaddiction.com/

Youth Coaching
Youth coaching information for baseball, basketball, football, Soccer, Softball, Track and Volleyball
http://www.y-coach.com/

Health Alert Medical Jewelry
Health Alert Jewelry provides medical alert jewelry to those who have special medical conditions and need to notify others and emergency personnel. Health Alert Jewelry provides for adults and children attractive medical bracelets, necklaces, charms, shoe tags and watch tags which come in a variety of makes including gold filled, sterling silver, Black Hills Gold with changeable inserts, enameled & stainless steel.
http://www.healthalertjewelry.com/

Ricochet Swimwear
The sexiest swimwear in the world! Hand crocheted bikinis and cover-ups, Mix N Match bikinis, Poker and Nascar themed swimwear, thongs, mens briefs and bikinis, halter tops and moderate bottoms and sexy one piece suits.
http://www.ricochetswimwear.com/

Fine, Custom and Estate Jewelry
Erin Alexandra Barron brings over 30 years of experience to provide our clients with the finest jewelry at the best prices. We feature gem quality stones and innovative designs that you will not find anywhere else. We also feature fine watches by Hamilton, Effy, Hidalgo and Ernst Benz. We look forward to providing outstanding service to you soon.
http://www.erinalexandrabarron.com/

Luxury Goods & Services
Collection of Merchants and Service Providers offering the finest merchandise and customer care available in the marketplace
http://www.formillionairesonly.com/

EileensEshop
Looking for a gift that will be teasured for a lifetime? Gifts and home decor for discerning buyers.
http://www.eileenseshop.com

Bali Handicraft Wholesale - Bali Art - Bali Wood Carving
Bali Handicraft Wholesale - Bali Art - Bali Wood Carving :: Bali handicraft wholesale bali handicraft supplier offering, wooden statue, bali mask, bali home decor, wood statue, abstract carving, bali handicraft, stone carving, bali pottery, animal carving
http://www.baliqui.com/

Linda Agar-Hendrix
Columbine Beads represents the work of American artist, Linda Agar-Hendrix whose work has progressed from hand-woven textiles to raku beads and associated jewelry to ceramic sculpture. Her floral imagery has remained a constant with her recent sculptural pieces focusing on the idea of growth and discovery. The use of low-fire glazes on red clay gives added dimension and texture to her pieces, while white porcelain series illustrates crisp line and smooth surfaces.
http://www.columbinebeads.com/

Golden Spirit Labyrinth Jewelry
Golden Spirit offers the largest selection of precious metal labyrinth jewelry in the world.
http://www.goldenspirit.com/

Beoples Bead People Pins & other Fun Jewelry
Fun, funky, whimsical and definitely different bead people pins with a unique personality, hand made with wild hair using glass and metal beads and a variety of textiles. Other fun jewelry also!
http://www.beoples.com/

Gemstone Rings, Gemstone Jewelry
Gemstone Rings, Gemstone Jewelry, Engagement Rings, and Diamond Rings At MySolitaire.com
http://gemstones.mysolitaire.com

The Scale Model Airplane Collector!
The Scale Model Airplane Collector! is designed to be the only collecting software program you will ever need to catalog and collect any type scale model airplane.
http://www.collectiblessoftware.com/TSMAC.html

Organic: Natural Body Jewelry
Organic LLC: specializing in large gauge plugs, septums, and labrets in a wide variety of natural materials, including: bamboo, amber, horn, bone, stone, and hardwood, as well as ethnic and tribal piercing jewelry.
http://www.organicjewelry.com/

Turbofan ltd.
Manufacturer of polishing laps for color gemstones
http://www.polishinglaps.com/

Impressions By Lirica Crafts, Herbs & Stuff Shoppe
We make handmade round brooms, herb products and more! Please stop by and have a look around.
http://www.impressbylirica.com

Rosaluz murano glass jewelry
Handmade murano glass jewelry. Wholesale.
http://www.rosaluz.be/

Essential Elegance, Inc.
Custom made Jewelry, One of a Kind pieces, Sterling Silver chains, 14KT Gold.
http://www.essential-elegance.com/

SilverLight Source Online Wicca Store
An online Pagan, Wicca and Witchcraft shop featuring beautifully handcrafted capes, robes, dresses, tunics, jewelry, altar supplies and much more.
http://www.silverlightsource.com/

Auto Grotto memorabilia
Unusual car, truck, airplane store loaded with original and reproduction items for the hard to satisfy car people
http://www.autogrotto.com/

alienattraxtion.com
An online store selling UFO and alien collectables. We also have a free catalog and a store in Santa Fe and Roswell.
http://www.alienattraxtion.com/

^*^Dingbat Creations^*^
We are a family-run business specializing in Hand-Poured Soy-Wax candles, Natural Lip Balms, Hand-Poured Soaps, Handmade Jewelry, and Off-Beat Antenna Toppers. 
http://www.dingbatcreations.com/

Bling Bling Diamonds Jewelry Watches
Secure online shopping. Buy diamonds, fine jewelry and brand name watches online.
http://www.diamonds-jewelry-watches.com/

Gemstone Rings, Gemstone Jewelry
Gemstone Rings, Gemstone Jewelry, Engagement Rings, and Diamond Rings At MySolitaire.com
http://www.mysolitaire.com/

Owner
Free online auction site
http://www.traderbait.com

Glass Fashion Jewelry
We are producers of glass fashion jewelry, completely handmade in Germany. A big part of the production is flamework, i.e. we work in front of a glassblower's lamp and we use colored glass rods and strings, dichroic glass or glass splinters and create our items one by one, forming the hot glass individually. It is impossible to manufacture one item exactly the same as the next, so each piece is a little one-off. Another part of the production is made in fusing technique, i.e. flat glass elements are molten together in a furnace. We manufacture necklaces, fingerrings, ear posts, ear clips, bracelets, brooches and many other items. We are able to do ranges as well as one- offs. You can see all our works at our website, www.galerie-glaswerk.de There is an online-shop at the site, but we do sell only to retailers, wholesalers and importers. We do not sell to the public. Our price range is from ca. 6,00 to 35,00 Galerie Glaswerk was founded 1983 and we are exhibiting at the Frankfurt Ambiente and Tendence since 1993. Also we have participated or are participating at the New York Gift Fair, the Paris Bijorca and many other international trade shows. Thus, we have a lot of content customers in all parts of the world. Though we might look like a rather small company, we are absolutely not afraid but well experienced in producing bigger quantities.
http://www.galerie-glaswerk.de/

Northcoast Artists Gallery
The cooperative, as the name suggests, is owned, managed, and staffed by a membership of twenty working artists, whose spirt and enthusiasm is evident in ongowing displays of there current work in the gallery and online.
http://www.northcoastartists.org/

Music Boxes and Musical Gifts
Music Boxes 1000's Music Boxes to Treasure Huge selection ceramic music boxes include angel, carousels, instruments, custom, religious gifts, reuge and porter disc players, ballerina gifts pianos.
http://www.mrmusicbox.com/

Vagabond Gallery
Experience a contemporary collection of original fine art, photography, sculpture, glass works, jewelry, furniture, pottery, and mixed media. The Vagabond Gallery represents over 65 local, national, and international artists. We are located at 32 South Main Street in Historic Downtown Canandaigua, right in the heart of New York's Finger Lake region.
http://www.vagabondgallery.com/

A1Templates.net - Quality WebSite Templates
Quality WebSite Templates. Offering Customization Services as well.
http://www.a1templates.net/

Safari and wildlife jewelry and artwork
Gold, silver and giraffe hair jewelry, hand-made in Africa, as well as quality art work from Southern Africa.
http://www.safarigold.com

L Richards Creative Design
Custom designed, Handcrafted, Jewelry in Silver. Swarovski Crystal, Pearls, Glass Beads, Semi-Precious Stones, Decor, Art Objects, and more.
http://www.lrichardscreativedesign.com/

Bali Crafters: unique fashion jewelry and accessory from Bali
Bali crafters is supplier, wholesaler and manufacturer of unique fashion jewelry, costume jewelry, vintage jewelry, imitation jewelry, handmade jewelry, beaded jewelry, accessory, bag, shoes & slipper and handicraft from Bali - Indonesia We also supply for dream catcher, bamboo wind chime, metal chime, and mobile. Costume order and design are welcome
http://www.balicrafters.com/

Stefani argento silver chains bracelets jewelry manufactory main and welcome page
Welcome. Our silver catalogue. Contacts us. Browse the range of silver jewelry of bracelets necklaces chains earrings rings pendent bangles findings
http://www.stefaniargento.com/

Unique hand made gifts by Catching Angels
Our online store offers a unique range of suncatchers, a collection of Gothic, Crystal and Gemstone jewelry. We have gemstones, incense, incense holders, candles, candle snuffers, herbs, books to name a few, come visit our store to see even more!
http://www.catchingangels.com/

The Avid Cat Store Search Engine
Your search engine to hundreds of online stores.
http://www.avidcat.com/

silverscorpio1.com
we are handmade silver jewelry manufacturer , we can make custom order also we are making silver jewelry only in 925 silver with semiprecious stones.
http://www.silverscorpio1.com/

NOESLLA, Wear Art Meets Fashion
Handcrafted, high quality unexpectedly beautiful pieces of creatively and well designed fashion accessories that include but not limited to jewelry, belts, watches, and purses.
http://www.noeslla.com/

Artisian Workshops
Paintings,Stained glass, Jewelry,Drawings,Eggery, Specialized Gift Wrapping, Free Workshops
http://www.Artisian-Workshops.com

handmade jewelry designs
featuring the latest in silver and gold designer jewelry at affordable prices.
http://www.accentsjewelrydesign.com/

Auctions house fine art
The auction house--live or online--for paintings, sculpture, other fine art, antiques, books, jewelry, toys, dolls, collectible memorabilia, and more. Authenticity and condition guaranteed.
http://www.hellmann-fine-art.de/

Jewelry Central
Worldwide directory of jewelry and gift stores. Find stores by price, occasion, gemstone and photo, free jewelry classifieds, complete jewelry information and buyers guide.
http://www.jewelrycentral.com/

JewelryDays
Diamonds, gemstone and jewelry store. offers a jewelry guide and custom orders.
http://www.JewelryDays.com

SWCreations Handcrafted Beaded Jewelry
Handcrafted beaded anklets, bookmarks, bracelets, car jewels, fan pulls, earrings, keychains, jewelry sets, necklaces, and watches.
http://www.swcreations.net/