Dictionary
the act of extracting ores or coal etc from the earth laying explosive mines in concealed places to destroy enemy personnel and equipment
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Wikipedia
is an open-pit copper mine]] Mining is the extraction of value valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually (but not always) from an ore body, vein (geology)vein, or (coal) seam. Materials commonly recovered by mining include bauxite, coal, copper, diamonds, iron, gold, lead, manganese, magnesium, nickel, phosphate, platinum, Sodium chloriderock salt, silver, tin, titanium, uranium, and zinc. Other highly useful materials that are mined include clay, sand, cinder, gravel, granite, and limestone. Any material that cannot be grown from agricultural processes must be mined. Mining in a wider sense can also include extraction of petroleum and natural gas.
History - , Slovakia]]The oldest known mine in the archaeological record is the "Lion Cave" in Swaziland. At this site, which has a radiocarbon age of 43,000 years, paleolithic humans mined for the iron-containing mineral hematite, which they presumably ground to produce the red pigment ochre.Sites of a similar age where Neanderthals may have mined flint for weapons and tools have been found in Hungary.Another early mining operation was the turquoise mine operated by the ancient Egyptancient Egyptians at Wady Maghareh on the Sinai Peninsula. Turquoise was also mined in pre-Columbian America in the Cerillos Mining District in New Mexico, where a mass of rock 200 feet (60 m) in depth and 300 feet (90 m) in width was removed with stone tools; the mine dump covers 20 acres (81,000 m²).Black gun powder in mining was first time used in a shift Bartolomej in mines under the town Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia in 1627. There is 12000 kilometers of tunnels under this small town drived for a 1000 years.
Mining techniques - Mining techniques can be divided into two basic excavation types:
1. Surface mining:*Open-pit mining:*Quarrying:*Strip mining:*Placer mining:*Mountaintop removal2. Sub-surface mining:*Drift mining:*Slope mining:*Shaft mining:*Hard rock mining:*Borehole mining
Extractive metallurgy - The science of extractive metallurgy is the study of beneficiation and extraction of valuable metals and minerals from their ores. Although extractive metallurgy is all encompassing, mineral processing or mineral dressing is often the term used for the study of processing coal, industrial minerals and precious stones, as these are not metals.
Environmental effects - ponds at Climax, Colorado, even though the molybdenum mine has been closed for decades.]]Modern mining companies in many countries are required to follow strict environmental and reclamation codes, ensuring the area mined is returned to its original state, or an even better environmental state than before mining took place. Past mining methods have had, and methods used in countries with lax environmental regulations continue to have, devastating environmental and public health effects. The result can be unnaturally high concentrations of some chemical elements over a significantly wider area of surface. Combined with the effects of water and the new 'channels' created for water to travel through, collect in, and contact with these chemicals, a situation is created where mass-scale contamination can occur. Some examples of environmental problems associated with mining operations are:'Tar Creek''', an abandoned mining area in Picher, Oklahoma that is now an Environmental Protection Agency CERCLAsuperfund site. Water in the mine has leaked through into local groundwater, contaminating it with metals such as lead and cadmium. health.state.ok.us'Scouriotissa''', a copper mine in Cyprus that has been abandoned. Contaminated dust blows off this site. 'Berkeley PitBerkeley Lake''', an abandoned pit mine in Butte, Montana that has filled with water which is now acidic and poisonous.'Britannia Mines''', a copper mine in near Vancouver, BC. Copper from the abandoned mine is washed into Howe Sound, polluting the water there. No animal life is there now.Although such issues have been associated with some mining operations in the past, modern mining practices have improved significantly and are subject to close environmental scrutiny. Problems remain especially in countries with lax environmental regulations or enforcement.
Mining industry - While exploration and mining can sometimes be conducted by individual entrepreneurs or small business, most modern-day mines are large enterprises requiring large amounts of capital to establish. Consequently, the industry is dominated by large, often multinational, mostly publicly-listed companies. See :Category:Mining companies for a list.
Mine Planning Software - One of the most dramatic changes in the mining industry has been the role that sophisticated three dimensional 3-D mine planning software packages have had. Initially relatively simple tasks - like rendering graphic images of drill holes - meant that it became easier for surveyors, geologists, mine planners, mining engineers and other technical staff to manipulate and visualize data. However, in recent years the range of integrated mine planning tools have meant that massively complex models can be built to optimize the extraction and processing of mineral resources.
See also - Acid mine drainageCoal miningRemediationOre grade
References - Commons2Mining Tom Morrison. 1992. ''Hardrock Gold: A Miner's Tale'' (ISBN 0806124423) Geobacter Project: geobacter.org - Gold mines may owe their origins to bacteria (in Portable Document FormatPDF format)Technology !Category:Miningbg:Мl 0;нно? !делоca :Mineriade:Bergbaues:Mineríae o:Minadofr:Mine? !(matériaux)nl:Mijnbouwno:Gruv edriftja:鉱業pl:G rnictwopt:Mineraçãosv:Gruva
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Websites
Wear-Management
Maintenance and Maintenance Welding
http://www.wear-management.ch/
Cypress Development Corp.
Cypress Development Corp. is a Canadian precious and base metal exploration company developing 2 gold projects in Red Lake, Ontario, Canada, and a zinc project, a silver/copper project, and 2 gold projects in Nevada, U.S.A.
http://www.cypressdevelopmentcorp.com/
Gold and Silver Mining
Stroud Resources is a debt-free exploration company focused on the discovery and exploration of silver and gold deposits in Mexico and Ontario. Stroud's corporate goal is to create a mineral based company with projects that are exceptional, characterized as world-class in status and with the potential for near-term production.
http://www.stroudresourcesltd.com/
FireSafe Innovations LLC
FireSafe Innovations LLC (“FSI”) develops passive fire resistant solutions for other companies to sell into their vertical markets. Using a structured product development and R&D process, FSI designs, engineers, develops and markets fire resistant products for worldwide sale into commercial and consumer markets. FSI’s technology, PyroFend®, is one of the lightest and high performance materials in the world and can be utilized in multiple vertical markets. Current markets include fire safes, HVAC, Security, aerospace & aviation and others.
http://www.firesafeinnovations.com/
METAL-FORUM of UKRAINE from October 19 till 21 in Kiev
The Metal-Forum of Ukraine 2006 from October 19 - 21. in the KievExpoPlaza will include the 4th Specialized Exhibition for Metallurgy and the Metal Industry and the 5th Conference Metal-2006: Management, Production, Trade, and Consumption aswell as many workshops, round tables, and presentations. Do not miss this platform to present your products, advanced technological solutions, investment projects, and other achievements!
http://www.metal-forum.org/
Tunnelling and Trenchless Construction
the industry's leading international magazine providing detailed coverage of all technical and operational aspects shaping the industry - including topical news, equipment reviews and site reports on tunnelling and trenchless projects across the globe.
http://www.mining-journal.com/home.aspx
Consolidated Abaddon resources Inc.
Consolidated Abaddon Resources Inc. is a Canadian uranium exploration company actively involved with the development of properties in the ATHABASCA BASIN of Northern Saskatchewan and the SIMS BASIN of Labrador. Property partners include International Uranium Corporation, and Triex Minerals Corp.
http://www.consolidatedabaddon.com/
Skyharbour Resources Ltd.
Skyharbour Resources Ltd. is a gold exploration company actively developing 5 strategically positioned properties in one of the most active gold exploration regions in Canada today, the RED LAKE MINING DISTRICT of Northwestern Ontario.
http://www.skyharbourltd.com/
Bayfield Ventures Corp.
Bayfield Ventures Corp. is actively involved in the acquisition, exploration and development of precious and base metal properties in the South Gobi region of Mongolia, and in the Red Lake region of Ontario, Canada.
http://www.bayfieldventures.com/
Sumatec Resources Berhad
Established in 1979, Sumatec has evolved from a service provider of construction work in the oil and gas facilities to a well diversified company engaging in the natural resources and energy sectors today. We are currently engaged activities in the following business :- Engineering & construction (oil & gas facilities) Supply & management of coastal marine oil transportation Supply & management of onshore rigs & related equipments (oil & gas facilities) Oil product storage & Terminalling Exploration & development of marginal oil fields. Design, build and operate biomass renewable energy power plants Exploration & mining of base metals (gold, copper & iron etc) Our business activities have taken us to Azerbaijan, Cameroon, Sudan, Cambodia, Maldives, Singapore and Vietnam. We are listed on the Bursa Malaysia Securities Berhad (formerly known as Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange), we are ready to strengthen our existing business and explore new business opportunities.
http://www.sumatec.com/
iron ore mines
mine owners and exporters of iron ore fines and lumps to china.korea,japan and pakistan
http://www.kmmindustry.com/
RHAS
Valuers and brokers of plant, machinery and equipment and all personal assets
http://www.rhas.biz/
Encoders for Intrinsic Safe and Heavy Duty Industrial Applications
Encoder Technology LLC specializes in incremental optical encoders for rotary and linear motion control in rugged heavy duty industrial, intrinsically safe, and benign environments. Our encoders are for Food Processing, Robotics, Oil Field, Wind Power, and Rail.
http://www.encodertech.com
welding and safety equipment
one source for all your needs
http://www.matthewopperman.com/
Silver Strategies - Information Source About Silver Investment
Our website is focused on silver companies, silver stocks and silver bullion as investments. We provide news, analyses, reports and general information in a single internet destination that we hope will be invaluable to anyone with an interest in silver, the precious metal seemingly forgotten by the investment mainstream. By silver stocksilver company zinc. or lead copper gold for mining of by-product a as produced is world ’ s the 70% than more that in rarity somewhat are mines Such mines. primary from production development exploration involving operation and focus 50% with publicly-traded any mean we company
http://www.silverstrategies.com/
About.com, Inc.
Web portal and directory providing Internet news, information and entertainment service which focuses on particular topic and is managed by a human guide. (Nasdaq: BOUT).
http://www.about.com/
Earth Science at Science/Nature for Kids
The starting point for kids, parents and educators for fun links to earth science resources.
http://home.about.com/
National Mining Association
Online Resources National Mining Association Online Resources Mining organizations and trade associations NMA Member Companies Mining Schools and Universities Government Others If you do not see your company or organization listed, please let us know.
http://www.nma.org/
Mining Technology
Website for the mining industry. Current projects, equipment and services guide, events listing, associations directory, and other minerals engineering resources.
http://www.mining-technology.com/
Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration
International society of professionals associated with mining and mineral-related industries. About the profession, publications, and other information. [May not work in some browsers.]
http://www.smenet.org/
Office of Surface Mining (OSM)
U.S. Department of the Interior agency that regulates coal mining and reclamation in the USA, as well as reclaiming mines abandoned before 1977.
http://www.osmre.gov/
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