Dictionary
a group of people who work together an organized structure for arranging or classifying "he changed the arrangement of the topics" "the facts were familiar but it was in the organization of them that he was original" "he tried to understand their system of classification" the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something "he claims that the present administration is corrupt" "the governance of an association is responsible to its members" "he quickly became recognized as a member of the establishment" the act of organizing a business or an activity related to a business "he was brought in to supervise the organization of a new department" an ordered manner orderliness by virtue of being methodical and well organized "his compulsive organization was not an endearing quality" "we can't do it unless we establish some system around here" the activity or result of distributing or disposing persons or things properly or methodically "his organization of the work force was very efficient" the act of forming or establishing something "the constitution of a PTA group last year" "it was the establishment of his reputation" "he still remembers the organization of the club"
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Wikipedia
cleanup-date November 2005 Alternative meaning: Organisation (band).''An organisation (Or organization in the US) is a formal group of people with one or more shared goals. This topic is a broad one.Organisations are studied by researchers from several disciplines: sociology, economics, political science, psychology, engineering, etc. The area is commonly refered to as organisation theory, organisational behaviour or organisation analysis. it however consists of a number of different theories and perspectives, some of which are compatible and others that are competing. Among those that are or have been most influential are:Weberian organisation theory (referring to Max Weber's chapter on Bureaucracy in his book 'Economy and Society' Marxist organisation analysisScientific Management (mainly following Frederick W Taylor)Human Relations Studies (going back to the Hawthorne studies, Maslow and Hertzberg)Administrative theories (with work by e.g. Henri Fayol and Chester Barnard)Contingency theoryNew institutionalism and new institutional economicsNetwork analysisEconomic SociologyOrganisation ecology (or demography of organisations)Transaction cost economicsAgency theory (sometimes called principal - agent theory)Studies of organisation culturePostmodern organisation studiesLabour Process TheoryCritical Management StudiesThe most prestigious scientific journals focussed on the study of organisations include organisation, Organisation Studies, Admministrative Science Quarterly and Academy of Management Review. organisation can also be used to define how the different parts of computer hardware are linked in order to execute the many computational activities most efficiently. organisations which are legal entities: government, international organisation, non-governmental organisation, armed forces, corporation, partnership, charity, not-for-profit corporation, cooperative, university.The study of organisations includes a focus on optimizing organisational - structure. According to management science, most human organisations fall roughly into four types:Pyramids or hierarchyhierarchiesCommittees or juryjuries!organisation#Matrix_organisati onMatrix organisationsorganisation#EcologiesEcologiesorganisation studies also includes research efforts to inform the effective management of organisations, and addresses organisational culture, organisational learning and managing change as major factors affecting organisational effectiveness, beyond the basics of organisational structure.
Pyramids or hierarchies - A hierarchy exemplifies an arrangement with a leader who leads leaders. This arrangement is often associated with bureaucracy. Hierarchies were satiresatirised in ''Peter principleThe Peter Principle'' (1969), a book that introduced the term ''hierarchiology'' and the saying that "in a hierarchy every employee tends to rise to his level of incompetence".An extremely rigid, in terms of responsibilities, type of organisation is exemplified by Führerprinzip.
Committees or juries - These consist of a group of peers who decide as a group, perhaps by voting. The difference between a jury and a committee is that the members of the committee are usually assigned to perform or lead further actions after the group comes to a decision, whereas members of a jury come to a decision. In common law countries legal juries render decisions of guilt, liability and quantify damages; juries are also used in athletic contests, book awards and similar activities. Sometimes a selection committee functions like a jury. In the middle ages juries in continental Europe were used to determine the law according to consensus amongst local notables. Committees are often the most reliable way to make decisions. Condorcet methodCondorcet's jury theorem proved that if the average member votes better than a roll of dice, then adding more members increases the number of majorities that can come to a correct vote (however correctness is defined). The problem is that if the average member is ''worse'' than a roll of dice, the committee's decisions grow worse, not better! Staffing is crucial.Parliamentary procedure, such as Robert's Rules of Order, helps prevent committees from engaging in lengthy discussions without reaching decisions.
Staff organisation or cross-functional team - A staff helps an expert get all his work done. To this end, a "chief of staff" decides whether an assignment is routine or not. If it's routine, he assigns it to a staff member, who is a sort of junior expert. The chief of staff schedules the routine problems, and checks that they are completed. If a problem is not routine, the chief of staff notices. He passes it to the expert, who solves the problem, and educates the staff -- converting the problem into a routine problem.In a "cross functional team," like an executive committee, the boss ''has'' to be a non-expert, because so many kinds of expertise are required.
Matrix organisation - This organisational type assigns each worker to two bosses in two different hierarchies. One hierarchy is "functional" and assures that each type of expert in the organisation is well-trained, and measured by a boss who is super-expert in the same field. The other direction is "executive" and tries to get projects completed using the experts. Projects might be organized by regions, customer types, or some other schema.See matrix management.
Ecologies - This organisation has intense competition. Bad parts of the organisation starve. Good ones get more work. Everybody is paid for what they actually do, and runs a tiny business that has to show a profit, or they are fired. Companies who utilize this organisation type reflect a rather one-sided view of what goes on in ecology. It is also the case that a natural ecosystem has a natural border - ecoregions do not in general compete with one another in any way, but are very autonomous.The pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline talks about functioning as this type of organisation in guardian.co.uk - this external article from The Guardian.
"Chaordic" organisations - The chaordic model of organizing human endeavors emerged in the 1990s, based on a blending of chaos and order (hence "chaordic"), comes out of the work of Dee Hock and the creation of the VISA financial network. Blending democracy, complex system, consensus decision making, co-operation and competition, the chaordic approach attempts to encourage organisations to evolve from the increasingly nonviable hierarchical, command-and-control models. Similarly, see Emergent organisations, and the principle of self-organisation. See also group entity for an anarchismanarchist perspective on human organisations.
See also - Affinity group Bureaucracy Charitable trust Collective Conversation organisation Fraternal organisation Fraternities and sororities International organization Meeting Mutual organization Non-governmental organization Open source movement Organisational development Organized crime Pacifist organization Project Requisite organisation Service club Service organization Terrorist organisations Virtual organisation Voluntary association
Related lists - List of environmental organizations List of trade unions List of civic, fraternal, service, and professional organizations List of organisations
References - ''Organisations'' by Richard Scott: ISBN 0132663546 ''Organisations and Institutions'' by Richard Scott ''Understanding organisations'' by Charles Handy. ''The Peter Principle'', Dr. Laurence J. Peter and Raymond Hull, Pan Books 1970 ISBN 0-330-02519-8 ''The Nature of the Firm'' by Ronald Coase.
External links - globaldharma.org - Website of Global Dharma Center, a not-for-profit organisation offering (free) training modules, research papers, workshop exercises etc on Culture Development and Individual/Organisation !TransformationCategory:Organiz ations Category:Organizational !theoryar:منظمةbg:Орга низацияda:Organisationd e:Organisationes:Organización fr:Organisationhe:ארגוןhu :Szervezetnl:Organisatiepl:Org anizacjapt:Organizaçãosl:Org anizacijasu:Organisasisv:Organ isationzh:组织 DEBUG REDIRECT (organisation)
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Websites
ARC Al-Ahwaz Revolutionary Council
The ARC is the Al-Ahwaz government in banishment. The ARC was stablished in 2001 by the ALO Ahwaz Liberation Organization which was stablished in 1990 in Europe - The Netherlands by it's president Mr. Faleh Abdullah Al Mansouri.
http://www.alahwaz-revolutionary-council.org/
The International Dance Council (CID, UNESCO)
- The International Dance Council (CID) is the official umbrella organization for all forms of dance in all countries of the world. - It is a non-profit non-governmental organization founded in 1973 within the UNESCO headquarters in Paris. - It is a worldwide forum bringing together international, national and local organizations as well as select individuals active in dance. - It represents the art of dance in general and advises the UNESCO, national and local government agencies, international organizations and institutions. Headquarters CID, UNESCO, Paris, France
http://www.cid-unesco.org/
Management Decision Systems, Inc
Management Decision Systems is a New England based healthcare management consulting company specializing in information knowledge systems, operations improvement and clinical laboratory management redesign. We simplify the complex!
http://www.mandecsys.com/
Contract Research Organization
Global CINRG is a technology-driven global pharmaceutical, biotechnology and medical decide product development company combining a global CRO with a multinational ARO-SMO, uniform SOPs and uniform technology.
http://www.globalcinrg.com/
KhushDC.org
KhushDC is a social, support and political group that provides a safe and supportive environment, promotes awareness and acceptance, and fosters positive cultural and sexual identity for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning (LGBTQ) and additional gender or sexual minority South Asians in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area.
http://www.KhushDC.org/
The WHEEL COUNCIL - Wholistic Health Education and Empowerment for Life
The WHEEL Council is a leader in storytelling for prevention and healing and accelerated, multicultural learning. We try to prevent young people from engaging in risky behaviors including unprotected sex, drugs and alcohol abuse.
http://www.wheelcouncil.org
Advice on Management
Quotes on managerial dilemmas by famous management thinkers and business leaders.
http://www.adviceonmanagement.com/
SAGA North Ski & Snowboard Club
For gay/lesbian skiers and riders in the San Francisco Bay area. Organizes trips, parties during the ski season and outdoor activities during the summer.
http://www.saganorth.com/
Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of sciences
Official web-portal of the Zoological Institute RAS and Zoological Museum. St.-Petersburg, Russia
http://www.zin.ru/
Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC)
Présentation de la structure, des accords commerciaux, des domaines d'activités, nouvelles, ressources, documents et forum.
http://www.wto.org/
Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS)
Présentation de la structure et des thèmes de santé abordés, maladies, médicaments, nutrition, technologie, environnement, bibliothèque et actualité.
http://www.who.int/
ISO
International Organization for Standardization
http://www.iso.ch
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Site has many information resources and links on agricultural topics, as well as hunger, sustainable development, and related matters.
http://www.fao.org
International Labour Organization
The UN specialized agency which seeks the promotion of social justice and internationally recognized human and labour rights.
http://www.ilo.org/
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