web designer

Web design is the design or designing of a web page, website or web application. The term generally refers to the Graphical user interfacegraphical side of web development using images, Cascading Style SheetsCSS and one of the HTML Web standardsstandards.Some people distinguish between "web design" (the graphics and user interface) and web development (which includes "web design", but also includes setting up the web server, writing web applications, dealing with security issues, etc.)

History - The first web designer was Tim Berners-Lee.Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web and put the first web site online in 1991.He first combined Internet communication (which had been carrying E-mailemail and the Usenet for decades) with hypertext (which had also been around for decades, but limited to browsing information stored on a single computer, such as interactive CD-ROM design).At first, web design consisted of using a simple markup language, called HTML, that included some formatting options, and the ability to link pages together using hyperlinks. It was this feature that characterized the Web among other communication methods, and characterized Web design among other design methods. Because of this unique behaviour of the World Wide Web, and the unique behaviour it encouraged in users, Web design would prove to be unlike any other form of design before or since.As the Web and Web design progressed, the markup language used to make it, known as HTML, became more complex and flexible. Things like tables, which could be used to display tabular information, were soon subverted for use as invisible layout devices. With the advent of Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), table based layout is increasingly regarded as outdated. Database integration technologies such as server-side scripting (see Common Gateway InterfaceCGI, PHP, ASP.NET, Active Server PagesASP, JavaServer PagesJSP, and ColdFusion) and design standards like CSS further changed and enhanced the way the Web was made.The introduction of Macromedia Flash into an already interactivity-ready scene has further changed the face of the Web, giving new power to designers and media creators, and offering new interactivity features to users. Flash is much more restrictive than the Open formatopen HTML format, though, requiring a proprietary plugin to be seen, and it does not integrate with most web browser UI features like the "Back" button.

Issues - As in all professions, there are arguments on different ways of doing things. These are a few of the ongoing ones.

Liquid versus fixed layouts - Programmers were the original web page designers in the early 1990s.Currently most web designers come from a graphic artist background in print, where the artist has absolute control over the size and dimensions of all aspects of the design. On the web however, the Web designer has no control over several factors, including the size of the browser window and the size and characteristics of available fonts.Many designers compensate for this by wrapping their entire webpage in a fixed width box, essentially limiting it to an exact pixel-perfect value, which is a ''fixed layout''. Some create the illusion of liquidity by building the graphics for their webpage at a size larger than any current standard monitor size. Other designers say that this is bad because it ignores the preferences of the user, who might have their browser sized a specific way that they like best. These people propose a ''liquid layout'', where the size of the Web page adjusts itself based on the size of the browser window.There is a usability reason (rather than wanting control) for why a designer may choose a more fixed layout. Studies have shown that there is usually an optimal line width in terms of readability. One rule to appear from such studies is that lines should be between 40-60 characters long, or approximately 11 words per line. But users may choose their windows size and font selection to optimizeother factors more important to them.This decision of which style of layout to use is often made on a case by case basis, depending on the needs and audience of the website.

Flash - Macromedia Flash is a proprietary, robust graphics animation/application development program used to create and deliver dynamic content, media (such as sound and video), and interactive applications over the web via the browser. It is not a standard produced by a vendor-neutral standards organization like most of the core protocols and formats on the Internet.Many graphic artists use Flash because it gives them exact control over every part of the design, and anything can be animated and generally ''"jazzed up."'' Some application designers enjoy flash because it lets them create applications that don't have to be refreshed or go to a new web page every time an action occurs. There are many sites which forego HTML entirely for Flash. Flash detractors claim that Flash websites tend to be poorly designed, and often use confusing and non-standard user-interfaces. Up until recently, search engines have been unable to index Flash objects, which has prevented sites from having their contents easily found. It is possible to specify alternate content to be displayed for browsers that do not support Flash. Using alternate content also helps search engines to understand the page, and can result in much better visibility for the page.The most recent incarnation of Flash's scripting language (called "actionscript", which is an ECMA language similar to JavaScript) incorporates long-awaited usability features, such as respecting the browser's font size and allowing blind users to use screen readers. Actionscript 2.0 is an Object-Oriented language, allowing the use of Cascading Style SheetsCSS, XML, and the design of class-based web applications. The final consensus is that Flash is simply a tool, and like all tools it takes a skillful craftsperson to know when, and how, to use it properly. Macromedia's other two products, Fireworks and Dreamweaver, makes Flash integration with graphics and HTML a lot easier.

CSS versus tables - Back when Netscape Navigator 4 dominated the browser market, the popular (but now deprecated) solution available for designers to lay out a Web page was by using tables. Often even simple designs for a page would require dozens of tables nested in each other. Many web templates in Dreamweaver and other WYSIWYG editors still use this technique today. Navigator 4 didn't support CSS to a useful degree, so it simply wasn't used.After the browser wars were over, and Internet Explorer dominated the market, designers started turning towards CSS as an alternate, better means of laying out their pages. CSS proponents say that tables should only be used for tabular data, not for layout. Using CSS instead of tables also returns HTML to a semantic markup, which helps bots and search engines understand what's going on in a web page. Today, all modern Web browsers now support CSS with different degrees of limitations.However, one of the main points against CSS is that by relying on it exclusively, control is essentially relinquished as each browser has its own quirks which result in a slightly different page display. This is especially a problem as not every browser supports the same subset of CSS codes. For designers who are used to table-based layouts, developing Web sites in CSS often becomes a matter of replicating what can be done with tables, leading some to find CSS design rather cumbersome. For example, it is rather difficult to produce certain design elements, such as vertical positioning, and full-length footers in a design using absolute positions.These days most modern browsers have solved most of these quirks in CSS rendering and this has made many different CSS layouts possible. However, people continue to use old browsers, and designers need to keep this in mind. Most notable among these old browsers are Internet Explorer 5 and 5.5 which, according to some web designers, are becoming the new Netscape Navigator 4 — a block that holds the internet back from converting to CSS design.

How it Looks vs. How it Works - Since so many web developers have a graphic arts background, they often pay more attention to how a page looks, without considering how visitors are going to find the page. On the other side of the issue, search engine optimization consultants (SEOs) obsess about how well a web site works: how much traffic it generates, and how many sales it makes. As a result, the designers and SEOs often end up in disputes where the designer wants more 'pretty' graphics, and the SEO wants lots of 'ugly' keyword-rich text, bullet lists, and text links.

Dynamic web design - The traditional method of laying out web pages, Hypertext Mark-up Language (HTML) is static. There are two ways of delivering content dynamically:

Server-side - A web server, running special software, constructs an HTML page 'on the fly', according to the user's request and possibly other variables, such as time or stock levels. Suitable scripting languages include:

PHP

ASP

JavaServer PagesJSP

ColdFusionXSLT can be used translate data in XML format into HTML.MySQL and PostgreSQL are popular free SQL databases, suitable for use with the above. They can be used to allow users, subject to password access if required, to update content.

Client-side - Client-side scripting works at the user's browser, and therefore should not be used for "mission critical' work, where the user's capabilities are not known -it is more suited to adding decoration and other ephemeral content. It is most often achieved thorough JavaScript.Client side DHTML can pose major problems for computer accessibility and search engine optimization. Most software designed for assisting people with disabilities, and most search engine robots do not support client side DHTML.If a web site's menus are built with JavaScript, it is usually impossible for search engines to find the pages listed in the menus, unless an alternative navigation scheme is provided elsewhere on the page.

See also -

Computer accessibility

Content management

Faceted navigation

Graphic design

Information architecture

Interaction design

Knowledge visualization

Separation of style and content

Search engine optimization

Server-side scripting

Web colors

Web development

Web indexing

Web templates

World Wide Web Virtual Library

External links - WikibooksparWeb Design

w3.org - W3C - World Wide Web Consortium

csszengarden.com - CSS Zen Garden

useit.com - Jakob Nielsen on Usability and Web Design

alvit.de - The Web Developer's Handbook

The beginnings of a en.wikibooks.org - Wikiversity course on Web Design

htmlhelp.com - The Web Design Group Category:Computer specialistsCategory:Web design de:Webdesignes:Diseño de páginas webfr:WebDesignhe:עיצוב !אתריםnl:Webdesignja:ウ� �ブデザイナーno:Webdesig npt:Webdesignru:Веб-раз� �аботкаzh:网页设计 DEBUG REDIRECT (web design)

Art director Web designer Photographer
La democrazia è il governo dei dilettanti... La sopravvivenza della nostra società dipende dal vigore dello sprito amatoriale... I rappresentanti del popolo... devono guardarsi dal divenire politici professionisti. È chiaro che qui amatore dilettante non significa incompetente o inseperto. Non significa privo di professionalità. Ma professionismo è cosa ben diversa. Con l'avanzare del tempo, qualsiasi funzione specialistica tende a dimenticare i propri legami con il tessuto sociale più ampio entro cui è nata per operare ed essere utile. Al contrario, si adopera per sviluppare una casta di specialisti che parlano tra loro un linguaggio inaccessibile ai profani. Quasi senza eccezioni, tali professionisti disprezzano i dilettanti. Parente di AMATORE è un altro termine gia citato, addirittura peggiore, DILETTANTE: chi pratica un'arte o esplora un campo del sapere nel quale non è un professionista riconosciuto. Ma le radici etimologiche di queste parole raccontano una storia diversa. Gli amatori fanno quel che fanno per amore (dal latino amare), mentre i dilettanti non sono dei banali appassionati, ma sono mossi dal diletto (dal latino dilectare attraverso l'italiano dilettare). E guarda caso, diletto e passione per il lavoro sono precisamente le qualità che i professionisi tendono a smarrire per prime. Opposto al professionismo sta quello che il maestro Zen Shunryu Suzuki definiva lo spirito del principiante, la capacità di guardare il mondo con occhi nuovi e mente aperta. ------------------------- Democracy is government by amateurs.... The survival of our society depends on the vitality of the amateur spirit.... The representative of the people...must be wary of becoming a professional politician. Here, amateur clearly doesn't mean incompetent or unskilled. It doesn't mean unprofessional. But professional-ism is something altogether else. Over time, any functional specialization tends to forget its relationship to the larger social context it was created to work within and serve. Instead, it concentrates on developing an inner sanctum of specialists who talk among themselves in a private language inaccessible to outsiders. Almost without exception, such professionals despise amateurs. Related to amateur is the even more pejorative term dilettante ïs someone who practices a craft or studies a field of knowledge in which he or she is not a recognized professional. But the etymological roots of these words tell a different story. Amateurs do what they do for love (from the Latin amare), while dilettantes are not mere casual dabblers, but instead are inspired by delight (from the Italian dilettare by way of the Latin delectare). But delight and passion for the work are precisely the qualities professionals tend to lose first. The opposite of professionalism is what Zen master Shunryu Suzuki called beginner's mind is an ability to look at the world with fresh eyes and an open spirit.
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NewMedia Artist
I am emerging NewMedia artist with diverse background in theatre, experimental puppets, Media arts and Graphic Design. A graduate of the Canadian Film Centre's Habitat-LAB, Interactive Arts and Entertainment Programme, he Co- founded “into it!” and Action Pact designs. Into it! is an interactive Installation creating an immersive experience from animal’s perspective for kids. Anwar’s work mostly evolves around the challenges of social awareness & edutainment. His creative path passionately focuses on fictional narratives; he is currently working on a shadow based Newmedia performance. Anwar directed 3 short films, “Bakara” 2000 “I.D check” 2003 and “Gurriya” 2005.
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Giuseppe Costanza :: Grafico & web designer
Sito personale di Giuseppe Costanza, all'interno troverete grafica 3D, siti web, animazioni flash e 3D, fotografie, lavori su carta
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E.R.WEB - realizzazione portali, siti ed applicazioni internet
Software house specializzata nella progettazione di soluzioni internet complete.
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Tim Hatton Web Design
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Search Engine Optimization & Web Design
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Paul Kiesche Design
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